arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv周末暂无论文更新,休息一下吧,周末愉快~~
arXiv 2610.20132physics.ins-dethep-exquant-ph
收藏

用于毫开尔文级运行的低成本紧凑型缪子探测器

A low-cost compact muon detector for millikelvin operation

The School of Physics, The University of Sydney(悉尼大学物理学院);Emergence Quantum Pty. Ltd.(Emergence量子有限公司)

Tengiz Ibrayev, Danish Khan, Alex Herscovics, Komal Kataruka, Matilda Lawton, Sandhya Sharma, Steven Waddy, Laura Manenti

AI总结:

本文研发了一种用于毫开尔文级超导低温环境的低成本紧凑型缪子探测器,可可靠计数缪子,其双脉冲现象或与SiPM内超导材料相关,为量子器件的缪子本底抑制提供了新方案。

摘要:

电离辐射会在超导量子比特中产生相关误差,对量子纠错构成挑战;此外,还会在其他超导低温器件(如动力学电感探测器、超导纳米线单光子探测器)中引发本底事件。宇宙缪子是这类本底的组成部分,在地面仅能部分屏蔽,可通过低温恒温器(cryostat)内部的独立探测器进行标记,从而对受影响的数据进行否决,或将缪子标记纳入纠错过程。本文介绍一种低成本紧凑型缪子探测器,由两个塑料闪烁体模块组成,每个模块由硅光电倍增管(SiPM)读出,采用符合(coincidence)模式运行。我们对SiPM从室温到10 mK的特性进行了表征,包括定义工作偏置范围的击穿电压和上限电压。作为缪子计数器运行时,该探测器测得的符合率在不确定度范围内与温度无关,且与解析和蒙特卡罗预测结果一致。在约8 K以下,每个缪子事件会产生两个脉冲,一个窄脉冲和一个宽脉冲,据我们所知,此前尚未有相关报道。与低温恒温器外部的独立缪子探测器进行符合测量,证实该探测器在此温度范围内仍能可靠计数缪子。通过研究双脉冲随温度和最高4.5 T磁场的变化,我们发现其行为与II型超导体的相图一致,这将双脉冲与SiPM中的超导材料关联起来,可能是制造过程中引入的粘附层或扩散阻挡层。超导态产生第二个脉冲的机制目前尚未明确。

英文摘要:

Ionizing radiation produces correlated errors in superconducting qubits, posing some challenges to quantum error correction. In addition, it causes background events in other superconducting cryogenic devices, such as kinetic inductance detectors and superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors. Cosmic muons are a component of this background that can only be partly shielded against at ground level, but can be tagged by an independent detector inside the cryostat, so that the affected data can be vetoed, or the muon tags incorporated into error correction. We present a low-cost, compact muon detector consisting of two plastic scintillator modules, each read out by a silicon photomultiplier (SiPM), operated in coincidence. We characterize the SiPMs from room temperature down to 10 mK, including the breakdown and upper-limit voltages that define the operating bias range. Operated as a muon counter, the detector measures a coincidence rate that, as expected, is independent of temperature within uncertainties and agrees with analytical and Monte Carlo predictions. Below approximately 8 K, each muon event produces two pulses, one narrow and one broad, an effect that, to our knowledge, has not been reported before. Coincidences with an independent muon detector outside the cryostat confirm that muons are still counted reliably in this regime. By studying the appearance of double pulses as a function of temperature and magnetic field up to 4.5 T, we find a behavior consistent with the phase diagram of a type-II superconductor. This links the double pulses to a superconducting material in the SiPM, likely an adhesion layer or diffusion barrier introduced during manufacturing. The mechanism by which the superconducting state produces the second pulse is not yet understood.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑