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arXiv 2606.07855cs.ROmath.OC
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使用深度确定性策略梯度的路径规划:一种强化学习方法

Path Planning Using Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient: A Reinforcement Learning Approach

Hampton University(汉普顿大学);Air Force Research Laboratory(空军研究实验室)

Qiang Le, Yaguang Yang, Isaac E. Weintraub

AI总结:

提出基于深度确定性策略梯度的路径规划方法,将威胁建模为圆形禁行区,通过奖励函数引导智能体学习从状态到动作的映射,找到最大安全起始点集,相比传统最优控制方法速度更快,适用于实时应用。

摘要:

在充满威胁的环境中,自主车辆的路径规划是一个基本挑战,因为即使是最简单的情景,问题也是非线性和非凸的。虽然传统最优控制方法可用于寻找理想路径,但计算时间通常太慢,无法实时决策。为了解决这一挑战,我们提出了一种基于深度确定性策略梯度(DDPG)的方法,并将威胁建模为可能多个圆形“禁行”区域。如果车辆在任何时刻进入该限制区域或未到达目的地附近,则任务被视为失败。DDPG智能体通过模拟环境中的试错进行训练,学习从其当前状态(位置和航向)到一系列可行动作的直接映射,从而引导智能体安全到达目的地。奖励函数包含三部分:(a) 以最终目的地为中心的吸引场,(b) 以圆形障碍物原点为中心的若干排斥场,以及(c) 控制能量消耗(航向变化幅度)的惩罚,间接有利于直线路径。DDPG利用这些激励训练智能体,以找到最大的起始点集合,从中保证存在一条通往目的地的安全路径。这为任务规划提供了关键信息,预先显示从给定起始点任务是否可行,辅助任务前规划活动。该方法在仿真中得到验证。将DDPG方法与传统最优控制(伪谱)方法进行了比较。结果表明,基于学习的智能体能够生成有效路径,同时速度显著更快,使其更适合实时应用。

英文摘要:

Path-planning for autonomous vehicles in threat-laden environments is a fundamental challenge because the problem is nonlinear and nonconvex even in simplest scenarios. While traditional optimal control methods can be used to find ideal paths, the computational time is often too slow for real-time decision-making. To solve this challenge, we propose a method based on Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) and model the threat as possibly multiple circular 'no-go' zones. A mission is regarded as a failure if the vehicle enters this restricted zone at any time or does not reach a neighborhood of the destination. The DDPG agent is trained through trial and error in a simulated environment, learning a direct mapping from its current state (position and heading) to a series of feasible actions that guide the agent to safely reach its destination. The reword function has three parts: (a) an attractive field centered at the final destination, (b) some repulsive fields centered at the origins of circular obstacles, and (c) a penalty of control energy consumption (the magnitude of heading change) that indirectly in favor for straight path. The DDPG trains the agent using these incentives to find the largest possible set of starting points wherein a safe path to the destination is guaranteed. This provides critical information for mission planning, showing beforehand whether a task is achievable from a given starting point, assisting pre-mission planning activities. The approach is validated in simulation. A comparison between the DDPG method and a traditional optimal control (pseudo-spectral) method is carried out. The results show that the learning-based agent produces effective paths while being significantly faster, making it a better fit for real-time applications.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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