arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2301.11902cs.ROcs.SYeess.SY
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基于学习行为模型的树型策略规划

Tree-structured Policy Planning with Learned Behavior Models

NVIDIA Research(英伟达研究院);NVIDIA Corporation(英伟达公司);Stanford University(斯坦福大学)

Yuxiao Chen, Peter Karkus, Boris Ivanovic, Xinshuo Weng, Marco Pavone

摘要:

自动驾驶汽车(AV)需要在规划自己的运动时推理相邻智能体的多模式行为。许多现有的轨迹规划器寻求在\emph{all}合理的未来下同时表现良好的单个轨迹,忽略了双向相互作用,从而导致过度保守的计划。政策规划,即自我代理计划的政策,对环境的多模态行为的反应,是一个很有前途的方向,因为它可以占AV和环境之间的动作-反应的相互作用。然而,大多数现有的策略规划器无法扩展到真正的自动驾驶汽车应用的复杂性:它们要么与现代深度学习预测模型不兼容,不可解释,要么无法生成高质量的轨迹。为了填补这一空白,我们提出了树策略规划(TPP),这是一种与最先进的深度学习预测模型兼容的策略规划器,可以生成多级运动计划,并考虑自我代理对环境行为的影响。TPP的核心思想是通过构建两个树结构将连续优化问题简化为易于处理的离散马尔可夫决策过程(MDP):用于自我轨迹选项的自我轨迹树和用于多模态自我调节环境预测的情景树。我们在基于真实世界nuScenes数据集的闭环模拟中证明了TPP的有效性,结果表明TPP可扩展到现实的AV场景,并显着优于非政策基线。

英文摘要:

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) need to reason about the multimodal behavior of neighboring agents while planning their own motion. Many existing trajectory planners seek a single trajectory that performs well under \emph{all} plausible futures simultaneously, ignoring bi-directional interactions and thus leading to overly conservative plans. Policy planning, whereby the ego agent plans a policy that reacts to the environment's multimodal behavior, is a promising direction as it can account for the action-reaction interactions between the AV and the environment. However, most existing policy planners do not scale to the complexity of real autonomous vehicle applications: they are either not compatible with modern deep learning prediction models, not interpretable, or not able to generate high quality trajectories. To fill this gap, we propose Tree Policy Planning (TPP), a policy planner that is compatible with state-of-the-art deep learning prediction models, generates multistage motion plans, and accounts for the influence of ego agent on the environment behavior. The key idea of TPP is to reduce the continuous optimization problem into a tractable discrete Markov Decision Process (MDP) through the construction of two tree structures: an ego trajectory tree for ego trajectory options, and a scenario tree for multi-modal ego-conditioned environment predictions. We demonstrate the efficacy of TPP in closed-loop simulations based on real-world nuScenes dataset and results show that TPP scales to realistic AV scenarios and significantly outperforms non-policy baselines.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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