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arXiv 2604.08488astro-ph.EPphysics.flu-dynphysics.geo-ph
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尘埃对涡旋的影响 I:层流模型

The effect of dust on vortices I: Laminar models

Laboratoire Lagrange, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, Université de la Côte d’Azur(拉格朗日实验室,蔚蓝海岸天文台,蔚蓝海岸大学);DAMTP, University of Cambridge(剑桥大学应用数学与理论物理系)

Nathan Magnan, Henrik Nils Latter

AI总结:

本文研究尘埃对涡旋层流路径的影响,通过两种模型分析尘埃浓度如何改变涡旋形态,发现尘埃限制了涡旋寿命,影响行星esimal形成。

摘要:

关于行星形成的一个主要问题是如何跨越米级屏障。几种理论依赖于尘埃团块的形成,因为涡旋可以通过捕获颗粒集中尘埃,或通过创造流体不稳定性条件来促进团块形成。本文系列论文评估了两种路径的有效性,通过研究尘埃对涡旋的反作用效应。本篇聚焦于层流路径,利用多时间尺度分析构建了两种涡旋演化模型。它们在气体穿越涡旋边界方面的假设不同:第一种假设涡旋质量恒定,第二种假设气体密度恒定。这些选项体现了涡旋对尘埃浓度的两种响应方式。本质上,尘埃靠近涡旋中心时会失去角动量,为补偿,气体必须远离涡旋中心或改变涡旋性(因此形状)。这一选择源于类似位势涡度的守恒量。有趣的是,所有调整涡旋性的涡旋最终都趋向于椭圆不稳定形状。由于椭圆不稳定性破坏涡旋,我们得出结论尘埃对涡旋寿命设定了上限。如果涡旋在尘埃达到希尔密度前被破坏,'层流'涡旋路径到行星esimal形成就失败。

英文摘要:

One of the main questions regarding planet formation is how to cross the metre-scale barrier. Several theories rely on the formation of dust clumps dense enough to collapse under their own gravity. Vortices are promising candidate sites of clump formation because they can concentrate dust 'laminarly' by capturing particles, and 'turbulently' by creating the ideal conditions for the streaming instability. In this two-part series, we assess the validity of both pathways by investigating the effect of backreacting dust on vortices. This first paper focuses on the laminar pathway. We use multiple timescale analysis to create two models of vortex evolution. They differ in their assumptions regarding how much gas crosses the vortex's boundary: the first one assumes that the vortex's mass is constant, whereas the second one assumes that the gas density is constant. These two options epitomize the two ways in which vortices can respond to dust concentration. Essentially, as dust gets closer to the vortex centre, it loses angular momentum. To compensate, the gas must either move away from the vortex centre or change its vorticity (and therefore its shape). This choice neatly emerges from the conservation of a quantity akin to potential vorticity. Interestingly, we find that vortices that adjust their vorticity all evolve towards elliptically unstable shapes. And since the elliptical instability destroys the vortex, we conclude that dust imposes an upper bound on vortex lifetimes. If vortex destruction happens before the dust reaches the Hill density, the 'laminar' vortex pathway to planetesimal formation fails.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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