arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2603.23923stat.MEstat.ML
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统计学家的符合预测要素

Elements of Conformal Prediction

University of Southern California(南加州大学);Università di Torino(都灵大学);Collegio Carlo Alberto(卡罗阿尔贝托学院)

Matteo Sesia, Stefano Favaro

AI总结:

本文介绍符合预测的核心思想和选定方法,强调其分布自由性和模型无关性,为统计学家提供清晰的概念入门和教学概述。

摘要:

预测推断是统计学中的基本任务,传统上通过关于数据分布的参数假设和对模型如何从数据中学习的详细分析来解决。近年来,符合预测作为一种迅速发展的替代框架逐渐兴起,特别适用于涉及高维数据和复杂机器学习模型的现代应用。其吸引力源于其分布自由性——主要依赖于对称性假设如交换性——以及模型无关性,将学习算法视为黑箱。即使在这样的有限假设下,符合预测仍能提供精确的有限样本保证,尽管这些保证通常是边缘性质,需要仔细解释。本文解释了符合预测的核心思想并回顾了选定的方法。与其提供详尽的综述,本文旨在为该领域提供清晰的概念入门和教学概述。

英文摘要:

Predictive inference is a fundamental task in statistics, traditionally addressed using parametric assumptions about the data distribution and detailed analyses of how models learn from data. In recent years, conformal prediction has emerged as an alternative framework that is well suited to modern applications involving high-dimensional data and complex machine learning models. Its appeal stems from being both distribution-free---relying mainly on symmetry assumptions such as exchangeability---and model-agnostic, treating the learning algorithm as a black box. Even under such limited assumptions, conformal prediction provides exact finite-sample guarantees, although these are typically marginal and require careful interpretation. This paper explains the core ideas of conformal prediction and reviews selected methods. Rather than offering an exhaustive survey, it aims to provide a clear conceptual entry point and a pedagogical overview of the field.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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