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arXiv 2603.09804cond-mat.mtrl-sciphysics.chem-phphysics.comp-ph
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低温度相界计算的高效方法

Efficient method for calculation of low-temperature phase boundaries

Chalmers University of Technology(查尔姆斯理工大学);Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory(劳伦斯利弗莫尔国家实验室)

Lucas Svensson, Babak Sadigh, Christine Wu, Paul Erhart

AI总结:

本文提出一种结合克劳修斯-克拉佩龙方程与准谐近似的方法,高效计算低温度相界,通过机器学习势能函数和热力学采样,准确构建硅的相图。

摘要:

理解相稳定性和相变对于预测材料在不同热力学条件下的行为至关重要。密度泛函理论在材料科学中的最早且最具影响力的应用之一是预测0 K下的压力诱导相变。然而,将这些计算扩展到有限温度需要考虑热力学、量子和非谐贡献,通常计算成本较高。本文提出一种通用且高效的框架,通过结合克劳修斯-克拉佩龙方程与准谐近似,以最少的计算量计算低温度相界,自然纳入内部自由度以及量子和低阶非谐效应。通过构建从-2到12 GPa压力和最高1750 K温度范围的硅相图,展示了该方法的准确性和效率。为此,我们采用了一个基于密度泛函理论参考数据训练的机器学习原子势能函数,通过高效的热力学采样和严格比较所提出框架与自由能积分,实现了收敛的自由能估计。

英文摘要:

Understanding phase stability and phase transformations is central to predicting material behavior under varying thermodynamic conditions. One of the earliest and most influential applications of density functional theory in materials science has been the prediction of pressure-induced phase transitions at 0 K. Extending these calculations to finite temperatures, however, requires accounting for thermal, quantum, and anharmonic contributions to the free energy, often at significant computational cost. In this work, we present a general and efficient framework for calculating low-temperature phase boundaries by combining the Clausius-Clapeyron equation with the quasi-harmonic approximation. This methodology requires a minimal number of calculations, while naturally incorporating internal degrees of freedom as well as quantum and low-order anharmonic effects. We illustrate the accuracy and efficiency of the approach by constructing the phase diagram of silica in the pressure range from -2 to 12 GPa and temperatures up to 1750 K. To this end, we employ a machine-learned interatomic potential trained on density functional theory reference data, enabling well-converged free energy estimates via efficient thermodynamic sampling and a rigorous comparison between the proposed framework and free energy integration.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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