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arXiv 2603.03574eess.SYcs.SY
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面向自动驾驶车辆的安全场景生成

Safety-Centered Scenario Generation for Autonomous Vehicles

General Autonomy Inc(通用自动驾驶公司);New York University(纽约大学)

Kiruthiga Chandra Shekar, Aliasghar Moj Arab

AI总结:

本文提出一种生成多样、参数化且安全关键驾驶场景的框架,用于验证自动驾驶车辆的安全特性。通过建模道路几何、交通参与者、环境条件和感知不确定性,该框架可重复且可扩展地测试安全机制,如紧急制动、避让动作和易受伤害道路使用者保护。

摘要:

本文提出了一种场景生成框架,该框架能够创建多样、参数化且安全关键的驾驶情境,以在仿真中验证自动驾驶车辆的安全特性。通过建模诸如道路几何、交通参与者、环境条件和感知不确定性等因素,该框架能够实现安全机制的可重复和可扩展测试,包括紧急制动、避让动作和对易受伤害道路使用者的保护。该框架支持监管和边缘案例场景,映射到源自危害分析与风险评估(HARA)的危险和安全目标,确保可追溯到ISO 26262功能安全要求和性能限制。这些模拟的输出提供了定量安全指标,如碰撞时间、最小距离、制动和转向性能以及残余碰撞严重性。这些指标有助于系统评估避让动作作为安全特性,同时突出系统限制和边缘案例漏洞。将基于场景的模拟与安全工程原则相结合,可加快验证周期,降低测试成本并提高测试覆盖率,从而增强监管机构和利益相关者的信心。

英文摘要:

This paper presents a scenario generation framework that creates diverse, parametrized, and safety-critical driving situations to validate the safety features of autonomous vehicles in simulation [15]. By modeling factors such as road geometry, traffic participants, environmental conditions, and perception uncertainties, the framework enables repeatable and scalable testing of safety mechanisms, including emergency braking, evasive maneuvers, and vulnerable road user protection. The framework supports both regulatory and edge case scenarios, mapped to hazards and safety goals derived from Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment (HARA), ensuring traceability to ISO 26262 functional safety requirements and performance limitations. The output from these simulations provides quantitative safety metrics such as time-to-collision, minimum distance, braking and steering performance, and residual collision severity. These metrics enable the systematic evaluation of evasive maneuvering as a safety feature, while highlighting system limitations and edge-case vulnerabilities. Integration of scenario-based simulation with safety engineering principles offers accelerated validation cycles, improved test coverage at reduced cost, and stronger evidence for regulatory and stakeholder confidence.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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