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arXiv 2301.04833eess.SYcs.SY
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基于网联自动驾驶车辆的安全关键交通控制

Safety-Critical Traffic Control by Connected Automated Vehicles

Huan Yu, Chenguang Zhao, Tamas G. Molnar

AI总结:

针对混合自主交通中CAV纵向控制的安全问题,本文提出结合控制屏障函数与二次规划的安全关键交通控制策略,采用状态观测器应对信息缺失,仿真验证其可实现串稳定且可证明安全的交通控制。

摘要:

网联自动驾驶车辆(CAVs)在提升交通通行效率与稳定性方面已展现出巨大潜力。尽管目前已为CAVs开发了多种纵向控制策略,以在混合自主交通系统中实现串稳定性,但这些控制器对安全性的潜在影响尚未得到充分研究。本文提出了由CAVs实现的安全关键交通控制(STC)——该策略允许CAV稳定其后方交通,同时保持与前车及后方网联人工驾驶车辆(HDVs)的相对安全性。具体而言,我们利用控制屏障函数(CBFs)为闭环系统赋予无碰撞行为,并提供形式化安全保证。通过基于二次规划的控制器将CAV与HDVs的安全性纳入框架,该控制器在满足基于CBF的安全约束下,最小化与标称稳定交通控制器的偏差。考虑到CAV可能无法获取后方HDVs的部分状态信息,我们为STC采用了基于状态观测器的CBFs。最后,我们开展了包含真实数据车辆轨迹的大量数值仿真,验证了所提方法在实现串稳定交通的同时保障可证明安全性的有效性。

英文摘要:

Connected automated vehicles (CAVs) have shown great potential in improving traffic throughput and stability. Although various longitudinal control strategies have been developed for CAVs to achieve string stability in mixed-autonomy traffic systems, the potential impact of these controllers on safety has not yet been fully addressed. This paper proposes safety-critical traffic control (STC) by CAVs -- a strategy that allows a CAV to stabilize the traffic behind it, while maintaining safety relative to both the preceding vehicle and the following connected human-driven vehicles (HDVs). Specifically, we utilize control barrier functions (CBFs) to impart collision-free behavior with formal safety guarantees to the closed-loop system. The safety of both the CAV and HDVs is incorporated into the framework through a quadratic program-based controller, that minimizes deviation from a nominal stabilizing traffic controller subject to CBF-based safety constraints. Considering that some state information of the following HDVs may be unavailable to the CAV, we employ state observer-based CBFs for STC. Finally, we conduct extensive numerical simulations -- that include vehicle trajectories from real data -- to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed approach in achieving string stable and, at the same time, provably safe traffic.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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