Understanding the impact of nuclear effects on proton decay searches with the GiBUU model
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学）；University of Warwick（华威大学）；Sun Yat-sen University（中山大学）；Q-Leap Networks（Q-Leap网络公司）；Universität Giessen（吉森大学）
Proton decay searches in the next generation of water Cherenkov detectors, such as Hyper-Kamiokande, are expected to probe the $10^{35}$-year lifetime regime where atmospheric neutrino backgrounds and systematic uncertainties begin to play an increasingly important role. In this study, we employ the GiBUU framework and reevaluate the proton decay search sensitivity for the $\textrm{p}\rightarrow\textrm{e}^{+}π^{0}$ channel by incorporating a typical event reconstruction performance in water Cherenkov detectors. Using sophisticated models implemented in GiBUU -- most notably the mean-field potential and Boltzmann transport -- which have been benchmarked against accelerator neutrino scattering data, in particular pion production, we find that the resulting proton decay signal detection efficiency and atmospheric neutrino background rate are comparable to those previously evaluated for the current and near future water Cherenkov experiments using $\textit{ad hoc}$ nuclear models. In addition to pion final-state interactions, we evaluate the impact of differences in the Fermi momentum distribution of nucleons in the nucleus, as a source of systematic uncertainty, on the signal detection efficiency and the expected background event rate. We find that the uncertainty associated with pion final-state interactions is moderate, whereas the choice of Fermi momentum distribution can significantly affect the estimated atmospheric neutrino background rate and constitutes the dominant contribution. Our study provides an independent and complementary characterisation of nuclear effects on proton decay searches and helps to refine sensitivity estimates in the regime where systematic uncertainties become more relevant.
Dark matter interpretations of ATLAS searches for the electroweak production of supersymmetric particles in $\sqrt{s} = 8$ TeV proton-proton collisions
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本研究利用ATLAS探测器在LHC Run 2采集的13 TeV质子-质子碰撞数据，组合搜索矢量玻色子融合产生的单、双电荷希格斯玻色子，针对轻子末态衰变，给出200-3000 GeV质量区间的产生截面乘分支比约束，在Georgi-Machacek模型下得到迄今最严格限制。
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利用时间投影室和飞行时间探测器，ALICE探测器具有出色的粒子识别能力，可以探测轻核和反核。此外，由内部跟踪系统提供的高跟踪分辨率使得能够将初级核与来自较重系统的衰变的那些分离。这允许重建衰变，如超介子弱衰变（$^3_Λ$ H $\rightarrow ^3$ He + $π^-$），$Λ$ n的假设束缚态衰变为氘和π，或H-双重子衰变为$Λ$，质子和$π^{-}$。综述了质子-质子、质子-铅、特别是铅-铅碰撞中稳定核和反核的产生。超核生产率在铅-铅也显示，连同上限估计的生产假设的外来候选人。结果进行了比较与预测的生产热（统计）和聚结模型。
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Combination of searches for invisible decays of the Higgs boson using 139 fb$^{-1}$ of proton-proton collision data at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV collected with the ATLAS experiment
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Searches for pair production of charginos and top squarks in final states with two oppositely charged leptons in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV
Searches for physics beyond the standard model with the $M_\mathrm{T2}$ variable in hadronic final states with and without disappearing tracks in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV
