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arXiv 2602.10255physics.soc-ph
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模乘网络中的两个相变

Two phase transitions in modular multiplex networks

Bar-Ilan University(巴伊兰大学);Northeastern University(东北大学);Yeshiva University(叶史瓦大学)

Yael Kfir-Cohen, Dana Ben Porath, Bnaya Gross, Sergey Buldyrev, Shlomo Havlin

AI总结:

研究模块化多层网络中的两个相变现象,揭示其与单层网络的不同行为及临界阈值。

摘要:

模块化网络,如关键基础设施,通常由若干紧密连接的模块(例如城市)构成,这些模块之间稀疏连接。当此类网络在随机破坏过程中逐渐受到破坏时,会经历两个临界相变。第一个相变发生在模块彼此隔离时,而第二个相变对应整个网络的崩溃,包括模块内部的连接性。在此,我们研究了模块化多层网络中的这些相变,并将其与单层模块化网络中观察到的相变进行比较。我们关注的模型中,模块以随机正则网络或二维正方形晶格的方式排列和连接。我们显示这些系统表现出多样的相变行为,有些相变是连续的,有些则是突然的;值得注意的是,一个现实模型可能在同一系统中显示两个不同的一级相变。对于模块化随机正则多层网络,我们进一步通过其标度行为表征空间相变,揭示了混合阶相变的特征。此外,我们分析地确定了模块断开连接的临界阈值。我们的结果强调了模块化组织和相互依赖在塑造网络脆弱性中的关键作用。

英文摘要:

Modular networks, such as critical infrastructures, are often built from distinct, densely connected modules (e.g., cities) that are sparsely interconnected. When such networks are gradually and randomly disrupted under a percolation process, they undergo two critical phase transitions. The first transition occurs when modules become isolated from one another, while the second corresponds to the collapse of the entire network, including the internal connectivity of the modules. Here, we study these phase transitions in modular multiplex networks and compare them with those observed in single-layer modular networks. We focus on models in which the modules are arranged and connected either as a Random Regular network or as a two-dimensional square lattice. We show here that these systems exhibit diverse transition behaviors, with some transitions occurring continuously and others abruptly; notably, one realistic model could display two distinct first-order transitions in the same system. For the modular Random Regular multiplex, we further characterize the spatial transition through its scaling behavior, revealing signatures of a mixed-order phase transitions. In addition, we analytically determine the critical threshold at which modules become disconnected. Our results highlight the crucial role of modular organization and the critical role of interdependence in shaping network vulnerabilities under failures.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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