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静电效应对粘性可压缩流体临界正则性和长时间行为的影响

Electrostatic effects on critical regularity and long-time behavior of viscous compressible fluids

Ling-yun Shou, Zihao Song

AI总结:

本文研究了静电效应在粘性可压缩流体临界正则性和长时间行为中的影响,证明了在无额外假设下,初始数据接近平衡态的柯西问题具有全局解,并建立了更优的收敛率。

摘要:

我们考虑了在$\mathbb{R}^d$($d\geq2$)中的可压缩纳维-斯托克斯-泊松方程,这是一个经典的模型,用于描述与自洽静电势耦合的等熵可压缩流动。我们证明了静电耦合对解的长时间动力学有显著影响,这是因为其内在的克莱因-戈登结构。作为第一个结果,我们证明了在全频$L^{p}$-型临界贝塞尔空间中,初始数据接近平衡态的柯西问题具有全局解的存在性,且不依赖于双曲对称化。与之前研究的无静电情况相比,我们去除了低频下的额外$L^{2}$假设,并将可接受的$p$范围扩展到精确范围$1\leq p<2d$。据我们所知,这是第一个在可压缩流体中允许初始速度场在所有频率上高度振荡的结果。此外,由于泊松耦合,密度和速度表现出不同的低频行为。受此特征启发,我们提出了一种一般的$L^p$-型低频假设,并建立了全局解向平衡态收敛的最优收敛率。对于广泛的指数范围,这种假设产生的衰减率比在经典$L^1$框架下获得的衰减率更快。为此,我们发展了一种时间加权能量方法,这在理论上具有吸引力,并使我们能够捕捉到最大衰减估计,而无需额外的初始数据小性假设。

英文摘要:

We consider the compressible Navier-Stokes-Poisson equations in $\mathbb{R}^d$ ($d\geq2$), a classical model for barotropic compressible flows coupled with a self-consistent electrostatic potential. We show that the electrostatic coupling has a significant impact on the long-time dynamics of solutions due to its underlying Klein-Gordon structure. As a first result, we prove the global well-posedness of the Cauchy problem with initial data near equilibrium in the full-frequency $L^{p}$-type critical Besov space \emph{without relying on hyperbolic symmetrization}. Compared with the Poisson-free case studied in several milestone works [Charve and Danchin, Arch. Rational Mech. Anal., 198 (2010), 233-271; Chen, Miao and Zhang, Commun. Pure Appl. Math., 63 (2010), 1173-1224; Haspot, Arch. Rational Mech. Anal., 202 (2011), 427-460], we remove the extra $L^{2}$ assumption in low frequencies and extend the admissible choice of $p$ to the sharp range $1\leq p<2d$. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the first result in compressible fluids that allows the initial velocity field to be highly oscillatory across all frequencies. Furthermore, stemming from the Poisson coupling, the density and velocity exhibit distinct low-frequency behaviors. Motivated by this feature, we propose a general $L^p$-type low-frequency assumption and establish the optimal convergence rates of global solutions toward equilibrium. For a broad class of indices, this assumption yields faster decay than those obtained under the classical $L^1$ framework. To this end, we develop a time-weighted energy method, which is of interest and enables us to capture maximal decay estimates without additional smallness of initial data.

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