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arXiv 2602.09205physics.plasm-ph
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减少的多流体平衡模型开发及其在质子-硼球形托卡马克中的应用

Development of a Reduced Multi-Fluid Equilibrium Model and Its Application to Proton-Boron Spherical Tokamaks

ENN Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd.(恩能科技发展有限公司);School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology(大连理工大学物理学院);Southwestern Institute of Physics(西南核物理与化学研究所);Institute for Fusion Theory and Simulation, Zhejiang University(浙江大学聚变理论与模拟研究所);Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Fusion Energy and Nuclear Waste Management Plasmaphysik(于利希有限公司聚变能与核废料管理等离子体物理研究所)

Huasheng Xie, Xingyu Li, Jiaqi Dong, Zhiwei Ma, Yunfeng Liang, Yuejiang Shi, Wenjun Liu, Yueng-Kay Martin Peng, Lai Wei, Zhengxiong Wang, Hanyue Zhao

AI总结:

本文开发了简化多流体平衡模型,用于质子-硼球形托卡马克,揭示了离子马赫数对平衡状态的影响,为反应堆设计提供理论支持。

摘要:

质子-硼融合需要极高的离子温度和稳定的约束,使具有高功率中性束注入的球形托卡马克(ST)成为主要候选者。在这些设备中,强托卡马克旋转和质子与硼离子之间巨大的质量差异驱动了复杂的多流体效应——特别是离心分离和静电极化——这些效应标准单流体磁流体动力学(MHD)模型无法捕捉。尽管全面的多流体模型通常数值上很僵硬,我们开发了一个简化模型,平衡了物理保真度与计算稳健性。通过保留主导的托卡马克旋转和自洽的电势,同时忽略环向惯性和压力各向异性,该模型将广义的Grad-Shafranov方程与物种特异性的伯努利关系和准中性约束相结合。该模型应用于两个代表性的p-B ST配置:实验性的EHL-2和反应堆规模的EHL-3B。模拟结果表明,平衡修改由离子马赫数(M)控制。在低旋转区域(M < 0.5)时,多流体效应较弱,解接近单流体极限。然而,在M > 2时,强离心力驱动显著的硼积累在低场侧(LFS)并产生约10 kV的内部静电电势。这些发现确认了多流体建模在准确p-11B反应堆设计中的必要性,并为未来关于稳定性、输运和自由边界动力学的研究奠定了理论基础。

英文摘要:

Proton-Boron fusion requires extreme ion temperatures and robust confinement, making Spherical Tokamaks (ST) with high-power neutral beam injection primary candidates. In these devices, strong toroidal rotation and the large mass disparity between protons and boron ions drive complex multi-fluid effects - specifically centrifugal species separation and electrostatic polarization - that standard single-fluid magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) models fail to capture. While comprehensive multi-fluid models are often numerically stiff, we develop a reduced model balancing physical fidelity with computational robustness. By retaining dominant toroidal rotation and self-consistent potential while neglecting poloidal inertia and pressure anisotropy, the model couples a generalized Grad-Shafranov equation with species-specific Bernoulli relations and a quasi-neutrality constraint. The model is applied to two representative p-B ST configurations: the experimental EHL-2 and reactor-scale EHL-3B. Simulation results demonstrate that equilibrium modifications are governed by the ion Mach number ($M$). In the low-rotation regime ($M < 0.5$), multi-fluid effects are weak and solutions approach the single-fluid limit. However, at $M > 2$, strong centrifugal forces drive significant boron accumulation at the low-field side (LFS) and generate an internal electrostatic potential on the order of 10 kV. These findings confirm the necessity of multi-fluid modeling for accurate p-$^{11}$B reactor design and establish a theoretical foundation for future investigations into stability, transport, and free-boundary dynamics.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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