球形托卡马克Globus-M中欧姆和辅助加热区等离子体加热的研究
Study of plasma heating in ohmically and auxiliary heated regimes in spherical tokamak Globus-M
摘要：
利用12通道中性粒子分析仪（NPA）ACORD-12研究了球形托卡马克Globus-M（长径0.36 m，短径0.24 m，环面纵横比1.5，轴向环形磁场0.4 T，等离子体电流0.3 MA）等离子体核心的离子温度行为。实验在欧姆制度，以及在制度与离子回旋共振加热（ICRH）在氘体等离子体和中性束注入（NBI）中的氢少数的基波附近。总厂用电量超过0.8-1兆瓦。NPA提供了氘和氢能谱的同时测量以及两种同位素的百分比。在等离子体电流为0.08- 0.3MA、等离子体平均密度为（1-7）× 10 ~（19）m ~（-3）、等离子体垂直延伸率和等离子体三角形度不同的范围内，研究了离子温度。将实验数据与数值模拟结果进行了比较。我们采用了一个简单的一维模型描述的离子能量平衡，通过使用新古典输运系数。还考虑到汇兑损失。实验测得的离子温度对等离子体电流和等离子体密度的依赖性不同于Artsimovich标度律的预测，以及描述的离子加热的情况下，在传统的托卡马克的新古典平台制度，即使在一个相对较低的温度在欧姆等离子体。特别是强烈的，几乎线性的等离子体电流温度依赖性被揭示。这表明在低纵横比的离子能量平衡中，被捕获的粒子起着主导作用。文中还给出了在欧姆加热和辅助加热条件下由磁测量得到的能量约束时间的估计。
英文摘要：
The ion temperature behavior in the plasma core of the spherical tokamak Globus-M (major radius 0.36 m, minor radius 0.24 m, torus aspect ratio 1.5, toroidal magnetic field near the plasma axis 0.4 T, plasma current up to 0.3 MA) was studied by means of 12-channels neutral particle analyzer (NPA) ACORD-12. The experiments were performed in ohmic regimes as well as in regimes with the ion cyclotron resonance heating (ICRH) in the vicinity of fundamental harmonic for hydrogen minority in deuterium bulk plasma and the neutral beam injection (NBI). The total auxiliary power exceeded the magnitude of 0.8-1 MW. The NPA provided the simultaneous measurements of deuterium and hydrogen energy spectra and the percentage of both isotopes. The ion temperature was studied in a wide range of the plasma current 0.08-0.3 MA and the plasma average density (1-7)x1019 m-3 at various values of the plasma vertical elongation and the triangularity. The experimental data were compared with the results of numerical simulation. We employed a simple 1D model describing the ion energy balance by using the neoclassical transport coefficients. The charge-exchange losses were also taken into account. The experimentally measured ion temperature dependence on the plasma current and plasma density differed from the Artsimovich scaling law predictions well describing the ion heating in the case of the neoclassical plateau regime in the conventional tokamak even at a relatively low temperature in ohmic plasma. In particular strong, almost linear plasma current temperature dependence was revealed. It indicates a dominating role of trapped particles in the ion energy balance at a low aspect ratio. The estimates of energy confinement time values derived from the magnetic measurements in ohmic and auxiliary heating regimes are also presented.
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