Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used as evaluators of reasoning quality, yet their reliability and bias in payments-risk settings remain poorly understood. We introduce a structured multi-evaluator framework for assessing LLM reasoning in Merchant Category Code (MCC)-based merchant risk assessment, combining a five-criterion rubric with Monte-Carlo scoring to evaluate rationale quality and evaluator stability. Five frontier LLMs generate and cross-evaluate MCC risk rationales under attributed and anonymized conditions. To establish a judge-independent reference, we introduce a consensus-deviation metric that eliminates circularity by comparing each judge's score to the mean of all other judges, yielding a theoretically grounded measure of self-evaluation and cross-model deviation. Results reveal substantial heterogeneity: GPT-5.1 and Claude 4.5 Sonnet show negative self-evaluation bias (-0.33, -0.31), while Gemini-2.5 Pro and Grok 4 display positive bias (+0.77, +0.71), with bias attenuating by 25.8 percent under anonymization. Evaluation by 26 payment-industry experts shows LLM judges assign scores averaging +0.46 points above human consensus, and that the negative bias of GPT-5.1 and Claude 4.5 Sonnet reflects closer alignment with human judgment. Ground-truth validation using payment-network data shows four models exhibit statistically significant alignment (Spearman rho = 0.56 to 0.77), confirming that the framework captures genuine quality. Overall, the framework provides a replicable basis for evaluating LLM-as-a-judge systems in payment-risk workflows and highlights the need for bias-aware protocols in operational financial settings.
AntiGrounding: Executable Robot Trajectories as Visual Prompts for VLM-Guided Manipulation
School of Software Engineering, South China University of Technology(软件工程学院,华南理工大学);School of Future Technology, South China University of Technology(未来技术学院,华南理工大学);Shien-Ming Wu School of Intelligent Engineering, South China University of Technology(智能工程学院,华南理工大学)
Financial Risk Assessment via Long-term Payment Behavior Sequence Folding
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院大学);Institute of Intelligent Computing Technology, Suzhou, CAS(中国科学院苏州智能计算技术研究所);Tencent Weixin Group(腾讯微信集团)
AgentAuditor: Human-Level Safety and Security Evaluation for LLM Agents
New York University Abu Dhabi(纽约大学阿布扎比分校);Nanyang Technological University(南洋理工大学);KTH Royal Institute of Technology(瑞典皇家理工学院);University of Sydney(悉尼大学);University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign(伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳-香槟分校);National University of Singapore(新加坡国立大学);Mohamed bin Zayed University of AI(穆罕默德·本·扎耶德人工智能大学)
TrueGradeAI: Retrieval-Augmented and Bias-Resistant AI for Transparent and Explainable Digital Assessments
Amity Center for Artificial Intelligence, Amity University(阿米蒂大学人工智能中心,阿米蒂大学);Amity School of Engineering and Technology, Amity University(阿米蒂工程科技学院,阿米蒂大学)
AutoBench: Automating LLM Evaluation through Reciprocal Peer Assessment
Department of Computer Science, Sapienza University of Rome(计算机科学系,罗马萨皮恩扎大学);Department of Computer, Control, and Management Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome(计算机、控制与管理工程系,罗马萨皮恩扎大学);eZecute S.R.L.(eZecute公司)
Conversational Education at Scale: A Multi-LLM Agent Workflow for Procedural Learning and Pedagogic Quality Assessment
Vrije University of Amsterdam(阿姆斯特丹自由大学);University College London(伦敦大学学院);University of Amsterdam(阿姆斯特丹大学);National Institute of Informatics(日本信息处理学会);Shandong University(山东大学);Guangzhou University(广州大学)
Distinct Profiles of Run-to-Run Score Reliability and Expert-Panel Alignment Across Four LLM Evaluators of Simulated Japanese-Language AI-to-AI Counseling
Japan National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health(日本国立职业安全卫生研究所);Kaze To Taiyo(凯泽・太阳);Saga Occupational Health Association(Saga职业健康协会);Department of Pharmacy, Zikei Hospital/Zikei Institute of Psychiatry(药剂科,Zikei医院/Zikei精神医学研究所);Department of Medical Welfare, Suzuka University of Medical Science(医疗福祉科, Suzuka医科大学);Graduate School of Human Sciences, Ritsumeikan University(人类科学研究生院,立命馆大学);Faculty of Nursing, National Defense Medical College(护理学部,国家防卫医疗大学);Support Center for Students with Disabilities, Aoyama Gakuin University(残疾学生支持中心,上智大学)
Label Effects: Shared Heuristic Reliance in Trust Assessment by Humans and LLM-as-a-Judge
National Institute of Informatics (NII)(国立信息学研究所);University of Amsterdam(阿姆斯特丹大学);University of Tokyo(东京大学);Hitotsubashi University(一桥大学);Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica (CWI)(荷兰数学与计算机科学研究中心);Utrecht University(乌得勒支大学)
QQJ: Quantifying Qualitative Judgment for Scalable and Human-Aligned Evaluation of Generative AI
AI Lab, Arioobarzan Engineering Team(艾伊罗巴赞工程团队人工智能实验室);Department of Computer Engineering and Information Technology(计算机工程与信息科技系);Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and Systems Engineering(信息学、生物工程、机器人与系统工程系);University of Genoa(热那亚大学)
LLM-ReSum: A Framework for LLM Reflective Summarization through Self-Evaluation
dept. of Information Science University of North Texas Denton, Texas, USA(信息科学系 俄克拉荷马州立大学 丹顿 俄克拉荷马州 美国);dept. of Data Science University of North Texas Denton, Texas, USA(数据科学系 俄克拉荷马州立大学 丹顿 俄克拉荷马州 美国)
Evolving Roles of LLMs in Scientific Innovation: Assistant, Collaborator, Scientist, and Evaluator
Department of Information Science, University of North Texas(北卡罗来纳州立大学信息科学系);Department of Computer Science, North Carolina State University(北卡罗来纳州立大学计算机科学系);Department of Data Science, University of North Texas(得克萨斯大学数据科学系);School of Information Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign(伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳-香槟分校信息科学学院)