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arXiv 2512.21998eess.SP
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多卫星多流波束空间大规模MIMO传输

Multi-Satellite Multi-Stream Beamspace Massive MIMO Transmission

Yafei Wang, Yiming Zhu, Vu Nguyen Ha, Wenjin Wang, Rui Ding, Symeon Chatzinotas, Björn Ottersten

AI总结:

本文提出基于统计信道状态信息的多卫星多流波束空间大规模MIMO传输方法,通过优化卫星聚类、波束选择和预编码,实现高效多流传输与低复杂度性能

摘要:

本文研究多卫星多流(MSMS)波束空间传输,其中多个卫星协作形成分布式多输入多输出(MIMO)系统,并共同向多天线用户终端(UTs)传输多个数据流,波束空间传输结合地球移动波束成形与波束域预编码。首次,我们建立了MSMS波束空间MIMO传输的信号模型。在同步误差下,多天线UTs使分布式MIMO信道表现出更高秩,支持多个数据流。波束空间MIMO保留传统基于码本的波束成形,同时提供预编码的性能增益。基于信号模型,我们提出基于统计信道状态信息(sCSI)的卫星聚类、波束选择和发射预编码优化,使用总速率上界近似。给定卫星聚类和波束选择,我们将预编码器设计转化为等效协方差分解基于加权最小均方误差(CDWMMSE)问题。为了获得可处理的算法,我们开发了CDWMMSE所需的闭合形式协方差分解,并推导出基于sCSI的迭代MSMS波束域预编码器。随后,我们进一步提出几种启发式闭合形式预编码器以避免迭代成本。对于卫星聚类,我们通过引入机制来调节某些UT所服务的卫星数量来增强基于竞争的算法。此外,我们设计了一个两阶段低复杂度波束选择算法,专注于增强有效信道功率。在实际配置下的仿真验证了所提出的方法在数据流数量、接收天线数量、服务卫星数量和活跃波束方面的表现,并显示波束空间传输在较低复杂度下接近传统MIMO性能。

英文摘要:

This paper studies multi-satellite multi-stream (MSMS) beamspace transmission, where multiple satellites cooperate to form a distributed multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system and jointly deliver multiple data streams to multi-antenna user terminals (UTs), and beamspace transmission combines earth-moving beamforming with beam-domain precoding. For the first time, we formulate the signal model for MSMS beamspace MIMO transmission. Under synchronization errors, multi-antenna UTs enable the distributed MIMO channel to exhibit higher rank, supporting multiple data streams. Beamspace MIMO retains conventional codebook based beamforming while providing the performance gains of precoding. Based on the signal model, we propose statistical channel state information (sCSI)-based optimization of satellite clustering, beam selection, and transmit precoding, using a sum-rate upper-bound approximation. With given satellite clustering and beam selection, we cast precoder design as an equivalent covariance decomposition-based weighted minimum mean square error (CDWMMSE) problem. To obtain tractable algorithms, we develop a closed-form covariance decomposition required by CDWMMSE and derive an iterative MSMS beam-domain precoder under sCSI. Following this, we further propose several heuristic closed-form precoders to avoid iterative cost. For satellite clustering, we enhance a competition-based algorithm by introducing a mechanism to regulate the number of satellites serving certain UT. Furthermore, we design a two-stage low-complexity beam selection algorithm focused on enhancing the effective channel power. Simulations under practical configurations validate the proposed methods across the number of data streams, receive antennas, serving satellites, and active beams, and show that beamspace transmission approaches conventional MIMO performance at lower complexity.

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