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arXiv 2511.03142econ.THmath.OC
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风险偏好动态下的储蓄理论

A Theory of Saving under Risk Preference Dynamics

Capital University of Economics and Business(首都经济贸易大学);Emory University(埃默里大学)

Qingyin Ma, Xinxi Song, Alexis Akira Toda

AI总结:

本文通过引入风险偏好冲击,提出了一种最优储蓄理论,揭示了风险偏好随机变化导致高财富家庭储蓄率趋于100%且边际消费倾向趋于零的机制。

摘要:

实证证据表明,富裕家庭比其他群体具有更高的储蓄率和显著更低的边际消费倾向(MPC)。现有理论无法在不联合施加关于回报、贴现和偏好的限制性假设的情况下解释这一模式。在本文中,我们发展了一个具有偏好冲击的最优储蓄的一般理论,并识别了一种新的机制,通过该机制,随机风险偏好重塑了渐近消费和储蓄行为。具体而言,仅仅是下一期变得不那么风险厌恶的可能性就提高了将财富向前转移的价值,因为未来的自我可能更愿意将财富转化为消费。与经典的预防性储蓄动机(通常源于资源风险并随财富增加而减弱)不同,这种力量即使在任意高的财富水平下仍然有效,产生了延迟消费的持续激励,并推动渐近MPC降至零(即100%的渐近储蓄率)。因此,消失的MPC成为风险偏好动态的一般含义,而非限制性假设的产物,为富裕家庭中观察到的持续高储蓄率和低MPC提供了一个理论上稳健且经验上一致的解释。

英文摘要:

Empirical evidence shows that wealthy households have substantially higher saving rates and markedly lower marginal propensity to consume (MPC) than other groups. Existing theory cannot account for this pattern without jointly imposing restrictive assumptions on returns, discounting, and preferences. In this paper, we develop a general theory of optimal savings with preference shocks and identify a novel mechanism through which stochastic risk preferences reshape the asymptotic consumption and saving behavior. Specifically, the mere possibility of becoming less risk averse next period raises the value of carrying wealth forward, since future selves may be more willing to convert wealth into consumption. Unlike the classical precautionary saving motive, which typically arises from resource risks and weakens as wealth increases, this force remains operative even at arbitrarily high wealth levels, generating a persistent incentive to defer consumption and driving the asymptotic MPC to zero (i.e., a 100% asymptotic saving rate). As a result, vanishing MPCs emerge as a generic implication of risk preference dynamics, rather than an artifact of restrictive assumptions, offering a theoretically robust and empirically consistent account of the persistently high saving rates and low MPCs observed among wealthy households.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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