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arXiv 2509.18656hep-th
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基于谱方法的Q球稳定性分析

Stability analysis for $Q$-balls with spectral method

Qian Chen, Lars Andersson, Li Li

AI总结:

本文提出基于谱分解的通用数值方法分析孤子稳定性,系统揭示了Q球从基态到激发态的线性动力学性质,发现激发态Q球违反传统稳定性判据并表现出丰富的动力学行为。

摘要:

基于谱分解技术,我们引入一种简单且通用的数值方法来分析孤子的稳定性。采用该方法,Q球的线性动力学性质被系统地揭示,从基态到激发态。对于基态Q球,众所周知的稳定性判据成立。然而,对于激发态Q球,情况变得极其复杂,其中稳定性判据被违反。系统对球对称和非球对称扰动均表现出动力学不稳定性,表现为复模和虚模的出现。此外,我们观察到两个有趣的现象。其一是振荡模与复模或虚模可以相互转化,标志着系统动力学性质的转变。其二是存在能够抵抗低阶球谐函数扰动的激发态Q球。这些结果表明激发态Q球将展现出丰富的动力学行为。

英文摘要:

Based on the spectral decomposition technique, we introduce a simple and universal numerical method to analyze the stability of solitons. Adopting this method, the linear dynamical properties of $Q$-balls are systematically revealed, from the fundamental to the excited states. For the fundamental $Q$-ball, the well-known stability criterion holds. However, for the excited $Q$-balls, the situation becomes extremely complicated, in which the stability criterion is violated. The system exhibits dynamical instability to both spherically symmetric and non-spherically symmetric perturbations, manifested in the appearance of complex and imaginary modes. In addition, we observe two interesting phenomena. One is that the oscillation mode and the complex or imaginary mode can transform into each other, marking the transition of the dynamical properties of the system. The other is the existence of excited $Q$-balls capable of resisting perturbations with low-order spherical harmonics. Such results indicate that the excited $Q$-balls will exhibit rich dynamical behaviors.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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