We present a versatile analytic model describing Photon Detection Efficiency (PDE) for P-on-N silicon photomultipliers, with possible applications for device characterization, PDE extrapolation from limited data, simulation and design optimization. Using device specific parameters, SiPM PDE is modeled as a function of wavelength, angle of incidence, voltage, and limited temperature range. By factoring the PDE into transmission and internal efficiency, the performance in liquid nobles and other dense media can be predicted. We present the measurement of the absolute PDE from 350 to 830 nm at 163 K for two VUV sensitive SiPMs: a Hamamatsu VUV4 and Fondazione Bruno Kessler VUV-HD Technology. Additional measurements of relative PDE versus angle are also included. We successfully fit the model to the data, compare with literature and show the model's predictive power by extrapolating PDE to new wavelengths and operation in liquid xenon and argon, which is useful for estimating performance and the impact of external cross-talk in future large-scale experiments. Lastly we use the model to investigate optimizing efficiency for specific applications in astroparticle physics and quantum computing.
An optical cryostat for automated testing of silicon photomultipliers with vacuum-ultraviolet light
Yale University（耶鲁大学）；McGill University（麦吉尔大学）；Stanford University（斯坦福大学）；Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics（马克斯·普朗克量子光学研究所）；TRIUMF（特利姆夫实验室）；McMaster University（麦克马斯特大学）；University of Toronto（多伦多大学）
Performance of FBK VUV-HD3 and HPK VUV4 SiPMs in the Light-only Liquid Xenon (LoLX) Detector
Simon Fraser University（西蒙菲莎大学）；McGill University（麦吉尔大学）；Queen's University（女王大学）；The University of British Columbia（不列颠哥伦比亚大学）；Drexel University（德雷塞尔大学）；Obafemi Awolowo University（奥巴费米·阿沃洛沃大学）
R&D of Wavelength-Shifting Reflectors and Characterization of the Quantum Efficiency of Tetraphenyl Butadiene and Polyethylene Naphthalate in Liquid Argon
Measurement of the X-ARAPUCA's Absolute Photon Detection Efficiency for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment's Vertical Drift Far Detector
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Napoli（意大利国家核物理研究所那不勒斯分部）；University of Padova（帕多瓦大学）；University of Milano Bicocca（米兰比可卡大学）；Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT)（能源、环境与技术研究中心）
