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arXiv 2501.19396math-phmath.MP
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平均场玻色气体的吉布斯态

The Gibbs state of the mean-field Bose gas

Andreas Deuchert, Phan Thành Nam, Marcin Napiórkowski

AI总结:

本研究针对温度与玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚临界温度成比例的均匀平均场玻色气体,证明巨正则吉布斯态的迹范数近似可由参考态表示,为李-杨正温度玻戈留波夫理论类似方法提供依据,还能推导凝聚体粒子数极限分布及密度矩阵精确公式。

摘要:

我们研究温度与玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚相变临界温度成比例的均匀平均场玻色气体。我们证明了巨正则吉布斯态的迹范数近似可由参考态表示,该参考态是相干态乘积与特定温度依赖型玻戈留波夫哈密顿量相关吉布斯态的凸组合。凸组合表示为描述凝聚体的单模Φ⁴理论吉布斯分布的积分。该结果证明了李-杨将玻戈留波夫理论推广至正温度的类似方法的合理性,并能推导凝聚体中粒子数的各种极限分布,以及吉布斯态单粒子和双粒子密度矩阵的精确公式。我们证明的关键成分(具有独立意义)包括两个新颖的抽象关联不等式,其中一个不等式的证明基于Stahl定理的无限维版本的应用。

英文摘要:

We consider the homogeneous mean-field Bose gas at temperatures proportional to the critical temperature of its Bose-Einstein condensation phase transition. We prove a trace norm approximation for the grand canonical Gibbs state in terms of a reference state, which is given by a convex combination of products of coherent states and Gibbs states associated with certain temperature-dependent Bogoliubov Hamiltonians. The convex combination is expressed as an integral over a Gibbs distribution of a one-mode $Φ^4$-theory describing the condensate. This result justifies an analogue of Lee and Yang's extension of Bogoliubov theory to positive temperatures, and it allows us to derive various limiting distributions for the number of particles in the condensate, as well as precise formulas for the one- and two-particle density matrices of the Gibbs state. Key ingredients of our proof, which are of independent interest, include two novel abstract correlation inequalities. The proof of one of them is based on an application of an infinite-dimensional version of Stahl's theorem.

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