arXiv 2412.033562024-12-04quant-ph

基于气球的量子网络的自由空间模型

Free-space model for a balloon-based quantum network

Ilektra Karakosta-Amarantidou, Raja Yehia, Matteo Schiavon

AI总结：

针对卫星自由空间量子通信成本高、可用性低的问题，本文提出高空气球平台的信道损耗模型并仿真多种QKD网络架构，证明气球可作为国家量子网络的现实替代方案。

摘要：

长距离通信是量子通信网络发展的主要瓶颈之一。自由空间通信是一种规避光纤指数损耗并实现更长通信距离的途径。卫星节点是目前研究的主要自由空间通信设备，但它们存在成本高、可用性低等缺点。在本工作中，我们研究了卫星的一种替代方案，即高空气球等空中平台。我们提供了一个损耗模型，用于模拟气球到地面、地面到气球以及气球到气球通信信道的信道效率，其中考虑了大量硬件参数。我们进行了参数探索，以展示这些信道中的重要权衡，并对包含气球节点的不同量子密钥分发网络架构进行了仿真。我们证明，在国家网络架构中，气球是自由空间通信中卫星的一种现实替代方案。

英文摘要：

Long-distance communication is one of the main bottlenecks in the development of quantum communication networks. Free-space communication is a way to circumvent exponential fiber loss and to allow longer communication distances. Satellite nodes are the main devices currently studied for free-space communication, but they come with downsides such as high cost and low availability. In this work, we study an alternative to satellites, namely aerial platforms such as high-altitude balloons. We provide a loss model to simulate the channel efficiency of balloon-to-ground, ground-to-balloon, and balloon-to-balloon communication channels, considering a large set of hardware parameters. We perform a parameter exploration to exhibit important trade-offs in these channels, as well as simulations of different quantum key distribution network architectures including balloon nodes. We demonstrate that balloons are a realistic alternative to satellites for free-space communications in national network architectures.

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