Antoine Suarez
The before-before experiment demonstrates that quantum randomness can be controlled by influences from outside spacetime, and therefore by immaterial free will. Rather than looking at quantum physics as the model for explaining free will, one should look at free will as a primitive principle for explaining why the laws of Nature are quantum.
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When an experimentalist measures a time series of qubits, the outcomes generate a classical stochastic process. We show that measurement induces high complexity in these processes in two specific senses: they are inherently unpredictable (positive Shannon entropy rate) and they require an infinite number of features for optimal prediction (divergent statistical complexity). We identify nonunifilarity as the mechanism underlying the resulting complexities and examine the influence that measurement choice has on the randomness and structure of measured qubit processes. We introduce new quantitat…
Device-independent randomness generation and quantum key distribution protocols rely on a fundamental relation between the non-locality of quantum theory and its random character. This relation is usually expressed in terms of a trade-off between the probability of guessing correctly the outcomes of measurements performed on quantum systems and the amount of violation of a given Bell inequality. However, a more accurate assessment of the randomness produced in Bell experiments can be obtained if the value of several Bell expressions is simultaneously taken into account, or if the full set of p…
How to generate genuine quantum randomness from untrusted devices is an important problem in quantum information processing. Inspired by previous work on a self-testing quantum random number generator [T. Lunghi et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 150501 (2015)], we present a method to generate quantum randomness from a prepare-and-measure scenario with independent devices. In existing protocols, the quantum randomness depends only on a witness value (e.g., Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt value), which is calculated with the observed probabilities. Differently, here all the observed probabilities are dir…
In quantum cryptography, device-independent (DI) protocols can be certified secure without requiring assumptions about the inner workings of the devices used to perform the protocol. In order to display nonlocality, which is an essential feature in DI protocols, the device must consist of at least two separate components sharing entanglement. This raises a fundamental question: how much entanglement is needed to run such DI protocols? We present a two-device protocol for DI random number generation (DIRNG) which produces approximately $n$ bits of randomness starting from $n$ pairs of arbitrari…
Coherence analysis of local randomness and nonlocal correlation through polarization-basis projections of entangled photon pairs
本文通过偏振基投影对纠缠光子对的局域随机性和非局域关联进行相干性分析，揭示相位信息在量子特性中的确定性作用。
Auditing Structured Randomness for Quantum Error Correction under a Bounded Cloud Fault Model
该研究针对有界云故障模型，定义可接受逻辑扰动并推导其哈尔期望，评估种子化Clifford编码器，发现重新种子化可降低逻辑扰动，量化了其完整性增益。
Even if the output of a Random Number Generator (RNG) is perfectly uniformly distributed, it may be correlated to pre-existing information and therefore be predictable. Statistical tests are thus not sufficient to guarantee that an RNG is usable for applications, e.g., in cryptography or gambling, where unpredictability is important. To enable such applications a stronger notion of randomness, termed "true randomness", is required, which includes independence from prior information. Quantum systems are particularly suitable for true randomness generation, as their unpredictability can be prove…
The generation of random numbers via quantum processes is an efficient and reliable method to obtain true indeterministic random numbers that are of vital importance to cryptographic communication and large-scale computer modeling. However, in realistic scenarios, the raw output of a quantum random-number generator is inevitably tainted by classical technical noise. The integrity of the device can be compromised if this noise is tampered with, or even controlled by some malicious party. To safeguard against this, we propose and experimentally demonstrate an approach that produces side-informat…
Stream randomness extraction against quantum side information
本文提出基于几乎双随机哈希的流处理随机提取器，通过预处理生成伪随机掩码，实现实时随机数生成，提升量子加密系统的效率。
Over the last several decades, entangled photon pairs generated by spontaneous parametric down conversion processes in both second-order and third-order nonlinear optical materials have been intensively studied for various quantum features such as Bell inequality violation and anticorrelation. In an interferometric scheme, anticorrelation results from photon bunching based on randomness when entangled photon pairs coincidently impinge on a beam splitter. Compared with post-measurement-based probabilistic confirmation, a coherence version has been recently proposed using the wave nature of phot…
Certified randomness amplification by dynamically probing remote random quantum states
研究在Quantinuum Helios量子处理器上动态探测远程纠缠态，实现跨网络的认证随机性放大，在64量子比特随机电路上达0.586保真度，将低熵不完美随机源转化为近乎完美的随机性。
Semi-device-independent quantum randomness certification in semiconductor spin-noise measurements
本研究通过半设备无关协议认证半导体自旋噪声的量子随机性，无需微观模型，利用半定规划获得高熵率，较早期方法提升两个数量级。
We consider several models of 1-round classical and quantum communication, some of these models have not been defined before. We "almost separate" the models of simultaneous quantum message passing with shared entanglement and the model of simultaneous quantum message passing with shared randomness. We define a relation which can be efficiently exactly solved in the first model but cannot be solved efficiently, either exactly or in 0-error setup in the second model. In fact, our relation is exactly solvable even in a more restricted model of simultaneous classical message passing with shared e…
Modular Quantum-to-Quantum Bernoulli Factory in an Integrated Photonic Processor
该研究提出了一种模块化、通用的量子到量子伯努利工厂方案，利用光子路径编码实现随机性操控，展示了其在集成光子处理器中的可行性。
We report on the controlled coupling of a single nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center to a surface plasmon mode propagating along a chemically grown silver nanowire. We locate and optically characterize a single NV-center in a uniform dielectric environment before we controllably position this emitter in the close proximity of the nanowire. We are thus able to control the coupling of this particular emitter to the nanowire and directly compare the photon emission properties before and after the coupling. The excitation of single plasmonic modes is witnessed and a total rate enhancement by a factor of …
Highly complex novel critical behavior from the intrinsic randomness of quantum mechanical measurements on critical ground states -- a controlled renormalization group analysis
本文利用受控重整化群和ε展开研究弱测量对一维三临界及临界量子伊辛模型临界基态的影响，揭示出测量主导固定点导致的多重分形标度、对数CFT特征、独立有效中心荷及普适有效边界熵等新颖临界行为。
Quantum Nonlocality and Device-Independent Randomness are Robust to Noisy Signaling Channels
本文研究了在噪声信号通道下量子非局域性和设备无关随机性的鲁棒性，通过分析局部多面体的顶点和面，确定了能够认证非信号量子相关性的贝尔不等式，并展示了这些不等式在对抗去极化噪声时比Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt不等式更鲁棒。
A novel technique is devised to perform orthogonal state quantum key distribution. In this scheme, entangled parts of a quantum information carrier are sent from Alice to Bob through two quantum channels. However before the transmission, the orders of the quantum information carrier in one channel is reordered so that Eve can not steal useful information. At the receiver's end, the order of the quantum information carrier is restored. The order rearrangement operation in both parties is controlled by a prior shared control key which is used repeatedly in a quantum key distribution session.
Multiparty quantum communication is an important branch of quantum networks. It enables private information transmission with information-theoretic security among legitimate parties. We propose a sender-controlled measurement-device-independent multiparty quantum communication protocol. The sender Alice divides a private message into several parts and delivers them to different receivers for secret sharing with imperfect measurement devices and untrusted ancillary nodes. Furthermore, Alice acts as an active controller and checks the security of quantum channels and the reliability of each rece…
We propose a scheme to realize quantum controlled phase flip (CPF) between two rare earth ions embedded in respective microsphere cavity via interacting with a single-photon pulse in sequence. The numerical simulations illuminate that the CPF gate between ions is robust and scalable with extremely high fidelity and low error rate. Our scheme is more applicable than other schemes presented before based on current laboratory cavity-QED technology, and it is possible to be used as an applied unit gate in future quantum computation and quantum communication.
Low-temperature transition of 2d random-bond Ising model and quantum infinite randomness
研究二维随机键伊辛模型在低温下的相变行为，通过重整化群方法揭示其与量子无限随机性的关联，发现隧道指数与自旋刚性指数的关联。
Representational separation between unitary and channel quantum generative models via shared classical randomness at shallow depth
该研究证明浅深度下通过共享经典随机性可实现量子生成模型中幺正与信道模型的严格可扩展表征分离，MBQC可自然实现所需随机性，数值实验验证了分析结果。
We present a way to realize a $n$-qubit controlled phase gate with superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) by coupling them to a superconducting resonator. In this proposal, the two logical states of a qubit are represented by the two lowest levels of a SQUID. An intermediate level of each SQUID is utilized to facilitate coherent control and manipulation of quantum states of the qubits. It is interesting to note that a $n$-qubit controlled phase gate can be achieved with $n$ SQUIDs by successively applying a $π/2$ Jaynes-Cummings pulse to each of the $n-1$ control SQUIDs before a…
We give the first systematic study on the second order asymptotics of the operational task of coherence distillation with and without assistance. In the unassisted setting, we introduce a variant of randomness extraction framework where free incoherent operations are allowed before the incoherent measurement and the randomness extractors. We then show that the maximum number of random bits extractable from a given quantum state is precisely equal to the maximum number of coherent bits that can be distilled from the same state. This relation enables us to derive tight second order expansions of…
We propose and experimentally demonstrate a scheme for implementation of a maximally entangling quantum controlled-Z gate between two weakly interacting systems. We conditionally enhance the interqubit coupling by quantum interference. Both before and after the interqubit interaction, one of the qubits is coherently coupled to an auxiliary quantum system, and finally it is projected back onto qubit subspace. We experimentally verify the practical feasibility of this technique by using a linear optical setup with weak interferometric coupling between single-photon qubits. Our procedure is unive…
Traceable random numbers from a nonlocal quantum advantage
本研究提出了一种基于设备无关技术的可追溯随机数生成协议，利用非本地量子相关性生成可验证的随机数，并通过分布式纠缠哈希链确保过程的可追溯性和安全性。
We study the implementation of quantum channels with quantum computers while minimizing the experimental cost, measured in terms of the number of Controlled-NOT (C-NOT) gates required (single-qubit gates are free). We consider three different models. In the first, the Quantum Circuit Model (QCM), we consider sequences of single-qubit and C-NOT gates and allow qubits to be traced out at the end of the gate sequence. In the second (RandomQCM), we also allow external classical randomness. In the third (MeasuredQCM) we also allow measurements followed by operations that are classically controlled …
The Internet of Things (IoT), as a cutting-edge integrated cross-technology, promises to informationize people's daily lives, while being threatened by continuous challenges of eavesdropping and tampering. The emerging quantum cryptography, harnessing the random nature of quantum mechanics, may also enable unconditionally secure control network, beyond the applications in secure communications. Here, we present a quantum-enhanced cryptographic remote control scheme that combines quantum randomness and one-time pad algorithm for delivering commands remotely. We experimentally demonstrate this o…
Randomization Times under Quantum Chaotic Hamiltonian Evolution
研究量子混沌哈密顿演化在物理非随机哈密顿量下生成随机性的机制，发现其在多项式时间内可有效实现海尔随机，且通过适当初始条件可绕过守恒律系统的熵增长。
We study how symmetry can enrich strong-randomness quantum critical points and phases, and lead to robust topological edge modes coexisting with critical bulk fluctuations. These are the disordered analogues of gapless topological phases. Using real-space and density matrix renormalization group approaches, we analyze the boundary and bulk critical behavior of such symmetry-enriched random quantum spin chains. We uncover a new class of symmetry-enriched infinite randomness fixed points: while local bulk properties are indistinguishable from conventional random singlet phases, nonlocal observab…
Tight Query Lower Bounds for Quantum Sampling, with an Application to Certified Randomness
该研究证明量子采样中XEB分数超过理想值需Ω(N^{1/3})次查询，并揭示高分数可认证近最优的随机性，为量子优势验证提供紧致下界。
Universal Dynamics with Globally Controlled Analog Quantum Simulators
本研究通过全局控制场实现通用量子动力学，展示了类比量子模拟器在拓扑动力学和多体相互作用工程中的应用。
This work is motivated by a quite general question: Under which circumstances are the capacities of information transmission systems continuous? The research is explicitly carried out on arbitrarily varying quantum channels (AVQCs). We give an explicit example that answers the recent question whether the transmission of messages over AVQCs can benefit from distribution of randomness between the legitimate sender and receiver in the affirmative. The specific class of channels introduced in that example is then extended to show that the deterministic capacity does have discontinuity points, whil…
Solvable Random Unitary Dynamics in a Disordered Tomonaga-Luttinger Liquid
研究通过框架势分析无序一维相互作用系统，发现Tomonaga-Luttinger液体的框架势在早期时间呈幂律衰减，后期趋于由单一耦合参数控制的平台，验证了随机场XXZ自旋链中最强随机性在铁磁Heisenberg点附近，并通过多重淬火协议增强。
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