arXiv 2411.024902024-11-04astro-ph.COastro-ph.HEgr-qc

引力波与γ射线暴联合观测的模型无关宇宙学

Model-independent cosmology with joint observations of gravitational waves and $γ$-ray bursts

Andrea Cozzumbo, Ulyana Dupletsa, Rodrigo Calderón, Riccardo Murgia, Gor Oganesyan, Marica Branchesi

AI总结：

本文利用双中子星并合的多信使模拟数据，结合Fisher矩阵与高斯过程方法，实现模型无关的暗能量重建，并表明少于40次引力波-γ射线暴探测即可高精度约束哈勃常数和物质密度。

摘要：

双中子星（BNS）并合的多信使（MM）观测为追踪距离-红移关系提供了一种有前景的方法，这对于理解宇宙的膨胀历史以及检验暗能量（DE）的本质至关重要。引力波（GW）信号提供了对源距离的直接测量，而高能天文台可以探测电磁对应体并驱动光学后续观测，从而提供宿主星系的红移。在这项工作中，我们利用据称来自BNS并合、由费米γ射线太空望远镜和尼尔·格雷尔斯斯威夫特天文台观测到的γ射线暴（GRB）的最新目录，构建了一个大型的模拟MM数据集。我们探索了在当前和未来几代引力波天文台的组合下，在不同基础宇宙学模型下，这些天文台能够从这些GRB中探测到GW信号的能力。我们通过一种新颖的先验信息驱动的Fisher矩阵方法实现了GW参数的重建。然后，我们利用这些模拟数据，借助基于前向建模和高斯过程（GP）的机器学习方法，对DE现象学进行了不可知论的重建。我们的研究强调了能够探测GRB并确定其红移的天文台的至关重要性。在最佳情况下，GP约束比经典参数化的DE演化产生的约束精确1.5倍。我们表明，与即将进行的宇宙学巡天相结合，少于40次GW-GRB探测将能够对H₀和Ωₘ实现前所未有的精度，并准确重建DE密度演化。

英文摘要：

Multi-messenger (MM) observations of binary neutron star (BNS) mergers provide a promising approach to trace the distance-redshift relation, crucial for understanding the expansion history of the Universe and, consequently, testing the nature of Dark Energy (DE). While the gravitational wave (GW) signal offers a direct measure of the distance to the source, high-energy observatories can detect the electromagnetic counterpart and drive the optical follow-up providing the redshift of the host galaxy. In this work, we exploit up-to-date catalogs of $γ$-ray bursts (GRBs) supposedly coming from BNS mergers observed by the Fermi $γ$-ray Space Telescope and the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory, to construct a large set of mock MM data. We explore how combinations of current and future generations of GW observatories operating under various underlying cosmological models would be able to detect GW signals from these GRBs. We achieve the reconstruction of the GW parameters by means of a novel prior-informed Fisher matrix approach. We then use these mock data to perform an agnostic reconstruction of the DE phenomenology, thanks to a machine learning method based on forward modeling and Gaussian Processes (GP). Our study highlights the paramount importance of observatories capable of detecting GRBs and identifying their redshift. In the best-case scenario, the GP constraints are 1.5 times more precise than those produced by classical parametrizations of the DE evolution. We show that, in combination with forthcoming cosmological surveys, fewer than 40 GW-GRB detections will enable unprecedented precision on $H_\mathrm{0}$ and $Ω_\mathrm{m}$, and accurately reconstruct the DE density evolution.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

AI总结：

摘要：

英文摘要：

相关论文