GRB宇宙学与伽玛暴的自组织临界性
GRB Cosmology and Self-organized Criticality in GRBs
摘要：
伽马射线暴（GRB）具有各向同性的能量，能量可达$10^{54}$ erg，是研究宇宙早期性质的理想工具，包括宇宙的暗能量、恒星形成速率和金属富集历史。我们将简要回顾伽玛暴宇宙学领域的进展。同时，X射线耀斑也是伽玛暴余辉中常见的现象，它可能是发现中心引擎的重要线索。我们提出了X射线耀斑的统计结果，即，能量、持续时间和等待时间的分布，并与太阳耀斑的结果进行了比较。发现两类耀斑的相似性，这可能表明伽玛暴X射线耀斑的物理机制是磁重联。
英文摘要：
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), which have isotropic energy up to $10^{54}$ erg, would be the ideal tool to study the properties of early universe: including dark energy, star formation rate, and the metal enrichment history of the Universe. We will briefly review the progress on the field of GRB cosmology. Meanwhile, X-ray flares, which may have important clues to the central engine, are common phenomena in the GRB afterglows. We present statistical results of X-ray flares, i.e., energy, duration time and waiting time distributions, and compare the results with solar flares. The similarity between the two kinds of flares are found, which may indicates that the physical mechanism of GRB X-ray flares is magnetic reconnection.
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