Results: We find that the tensor force affects the height of fission barriers and the double-humped structure of fission path of 240Pu. On the PES, the fission valley becomes larger in the (Q20, Q30) plane, and the triaxial deformation is suppressed around the outer barrier after considering the tensor force. Incorporating the tensor force into the dynamical process enhances the difference in shape evolution between two asymmetric channels. More interestingly, the charge distribution from TDHF with double PNP calculations shows a strong odd-even effect after including the tensor force. In addition, the total mass and charge distributions of fission fragments show a slight shift towards larger asymmetry and are more consistent with the experiments when tensor components are included. We also find that the tensor force enhances energy gaps of the deformed shells for heavy fragments. Moreover, the TKEs of fragments are in accord with the experiments, and after incorporating the tensor force, we observe a higher concentration of the calculated TKEs for heavy fragments at Z = 52 and Z = 56. Conclusions: The tensor force plays a role in both static and dynamical processes in nuclear fission, improving the accuracy of theoretical descriptions within the current framework. Our calculations have shown that the fission-barrier height with SLy5t is closer to the empirical value than that of SLy5. Additionally, the inclusion of the tensor force not only manifests the odd-even effect in charge distribution but also improves the description of total mass and charge distributions.
Collective mass tensors derived in the cranking approximation to the adiabatic time-dependent Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (ATDHFB) method are employed in a study of induced fission dynamics. Together with a collective potential determined in deformation-constrained self-consistent mean-field calculations based on nuclear energy density functionals, the mass tensors specify the collective Hamiltonian that governs the time evolution of the nuclear wave function from an initial state at equilibrium deformation, up to scission and the formation of fission fragments. In an illustrative calculation of l…
After constructing yield tensors with three dimensions for 851 fission products and filling the tensors with the independent yield data from the ENDF/B-VIII.0 database, the tensor decomposition algorithm is applied to predict the independent isotopic yield in fission, which resulting in the Fission Yield Tensor Decomposition (FYTD) model. The fission yields of 235U and 239Pu are set as missing values and then predicted. The predictions for235U fissions by the FYTD model agree with the ENDF/B-VIII.0 data and are better than those by the Talys and BNN+Talys models. Furthermore, we predict not on…
In the present study, we have investigated the impact of the tensor force on fission paths, in particular the symmetric and asymmetric barriers in 230 Th, 226 Th, 222 Th and 216 Th isotopes which display an asymmetric to symmetric fission transition. This analysis has been performed within the HFB approach with (Q 20 ,Q 30 ,Q 40 ) as collective variable constraints, using the D1ST2a Gogny+tensor term interaction and comparing to the standard D1S Gogny interaction results. The effects from the tensor term on the potential energy surface landscape, and especially on barrier heights and its topol…
Based on a systematic Hartree-Fock+BCS calculation, new perturbation scheme is proposed to modify the existing Skyrme-type effective nuclear force. Much attention is paid to have a better description of fission property of heavy nuclei. In terms of incorporating the nuclear medium effects on the fission barrier height more correctly, two typical Skyrme parameter sets (SkM* and SLy4) are modified. In conclusion, according to the comparison to experiments, the calculated fission barrier heights are improved by almost 90$\%$.
We present a large scale survey of life-times for spontaneous fission in the regime of super-heavy elements (SHE), i.e. nuclei with Z=104-122. This is done on the basis of the Skyrme-Hartree-Fock model. The axially symmetric fission path is computed using a quadrupole constraint. Self-consistent cranking is used for the collective masses and associated quantum corrections. The actual tunneling probability is estimated by the WKB approximation. Three typical Skyrme forces are used to explore the sensitivity of the results. Benchmarks in the regime Z=104-108 show an acceptable agreement. The gen…
A regular pattern, revealing the leading role of the light-fragment nuclear charge, is found to emerge from a consistent analysis of the experimental information collected recently on low-energy asymmetric fission of neutron-deficient nuclei around lead. The observation is corroborated by a theoretical investigation within a microscopic framework, suggesting the importance of proton configurations driven by quadrupole-octupole correlations. This is in contrast to the earlier theoretical interpretations in terms of dominant neutron shells. The survey of a wider area of the nuclear chart by a se…
The constrained Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov method is used with the Gogny interaction D1S to calculate potential energy surfaces of fissioning nuclei ${}^{226}$Th and ${}^{256,258,260}$Fm up to very large deformations. The constraints employed are the mass quadrupole and octupole moments. In this subspace of collective coordinates, many scission configurations are identified ranging from symmetric to highly asymmetric fragmentations. Corresponding fragment properties at scission are derived yielding fragment deformations, deformation energies, energy partitioning, neutron binding energies at sciss…
The dynamics of induced fission of $^{226}$Th is investigated in a theoretical framework based on the finite-temperature time-dependent generator coordinate method (TDGCM) in the Gaussian overlap approximation (GOA). The thermodynamical collective potential and inertia tensor at temperatures in the interval $T=0 - 1.25$ MeV are calculated using the self-consistent multidimensionally constrained relativistic mean field (MDC-RMF) model, based on the energy density functional DD-PC1. Pairing correlations are treated in the BCS approximation with a separable pairing force of finite range. Constrai…
The impact of pairing correlations on the fission barriers is investigated in Relativistic Hartree Bogoliubov (RHB) theory and Relativistic Mean Field (RMF)+BCS calculations. It is concluded that the constant gap approximation in the usual RMF+BCS calculations does not provide an adequate description of the barriers. The RHB calculations show that there is a substantial difference in the predicted barrier heights between zero-range and finite range pairing forces even in the case when the pairing strengths of these two forces are adjusted to the same value of the pairing gap at the ground stat…
We have studied strength in the BCS pairing force, used as a residual interaction to the relativistic mean-field to reproduce the height of the inner fission barriers for actinide nuclei. It was found that increasing the pairing strength by about 13% makes reproduce the inner fission barriers better over a wide range of actinide nuclei. This result was verified by using the moment-of-inertia of pairing rotational energy, which was introduced to avoid mean-field and odd-mass effects in the pairing interaction to deduce purely the pairing strength. The pairing interaction thus determined could s…
The fission-fragments mass-yield of 236U is obtained by an approximate solution of the eigenvalue problem of the collective Hamiltonian that describes the dynamics of the fission process whose degrees of freedom are: the fission (elongation), the neck and the mass-asymmetry mode. The macroscopic-microscopic method is used to evaluate the potential energy surface. The macroscopic energy part is calculated using the liquid drop model and the microscopic corrections are obtained using the Woods-Saxon single-particle levels. The four dimensional modified Cassini ovals shape parametrization is used…
The origin of mass asymmetry in the fission of uranium at a low excitation energy is clarified by a trajectory analysis of the Langevin equation. The positions of the peaks in the mass distribution of fission fragments are mainly determined by fission saddle points originating from the shell correction energy. The widths of the peaks, on the other hand, result from a shape fluctuation around the scission point caused by the random force in the Langevin equation. We found that a random vibration in the oblate direction of fissioning fragments is essential for the fission process. According to t…
Non-Markovian transport equations for nuclear large amplitude motion are derived from the collisional kinetic equation. The memory effects are caused by the Fermi surface distortions and depend on the relaxation time. It is shown that the nuclear collective motion and the nuclear fission are influenced strongly by the memory effects at the relaxation time $τ\geq 5\cdot 10^{-23}{\rm s}$. In particular, the descent of the nucleus from the fission barrier is accompanied by characteristic shape oscillations. The eigenfrequency and the damping of the shape oscillations depend on the contribution of…
The fission barriers of the nuclei 254Fm, 256Fm, 258Fm, 258No and 260Rf are investigated in a fully microscopic way up to the scission point. The analysis is based on the constrained Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov theory and Gogny's D1S force. The quadrupole, octupole and hexadecapole moments as well as the number of nucleons in the neck region are used as constraints. Two fission paths, corresponding to the bimodal fission, are found. The decrease with isotope mass of the half-life times of heavy Fm isotopes is also explained.
Low-energy positive and negative parity collective states in the equilibrium minimum, and the dynamics of induced fission of actinide nuclei are investigated in a unified theoretical framework based on the generator coordinate method (GCM) with the Gaussian overlap approximation (GOA). The collective potential and inertia tensor, both at zero and finite temperature, are computed using the self-consistent multidimensionally constrained relativistic mean field (MDC-RMF) model, based on the energy density functional DD-PC1. Pairing correlations are treated in the BCS approximation with a separabl…
The neutron and proton density distributions obtained in constrained Hartree-Fock-Bogolyubov calculations with the Gogny force along the fission paths of 232Th, 236U, 238U and 240Pu are analyzed. Significant differences in the multipole deformations of neutron and proton densities are found. The effect on potential energy surfaces and on barrier heights of an additional constraint imposing similar spatial distributions to neutrons and protons, as assumed in macroscopic-microscopic models, is studied.
We compute the final kinetic energies of the fragments emitted in the light charged particle accompanied cold fission of $^{252}$Cf taking into account the ground state quadrupole deformation and the finite-size effects of the fragments and integrating the equations of motion for a three-body system subjected only to Coulomb forces. The initial conditions for the trajectory calculations were derived in the frame of a deformed cluster model which includes also the effect due to the absorbative nuclear part. Although the distributions of initial kinetic energies is rather broad we show that in c…
Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov calculations of hot fission in $^{240}\textrm{Pu}$ have been performed with a newly-implemented code that uses the D1S finite-range effective interaction. The hot-scission line is identified in the quadrupole-octupole-moment coordinate space. Fission-fragment shapes are extracted from the calculations. A benchmark calculation for $^{226}\textrm{Th}$ is obtained and compared to results in the literature. In addition, technical aspects of the use of HFB calculations for fission studies are examined in detail. In particular, the identification of scission configurations, t…
The collective dynamics of low energy fission in 238U is described within a time-dependent formalism based on the Gaussian Overlap Approximation of the time-dependent Generator Coordinate Method. The intrinsic deformed configurations of the nucleus are determined from the self-consistent Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov procedure employing the effective force D1S with constraints on the quadrupole and octupole moments. Fragment kinetic energy and mass distributions are calculated and compared with experimental evaluations. The effect of the collective dynamics along the fission paths and the influence …
The restoration of the parity symmetry has been performed in the framework of the Highly Truncated Diagonalization Approach suited to treat correlations in an explicitly particle-number conserving microscopic approach. To do so we have assumed axial symmetry and used a generalized Wick's theorem due to Löwdin in a projection-after-variation scheme. We have chosen the Skyrme SkM$^*$ energy-density functional for the particle-hole channel and a density-independent delta force for the residual interaction. We have applied this approach in the region of the outer fission barrier of the $^{240}$Pu …
The fission-fragment mass and total kinetic energy (TKE) distributions are evaluated in a quantum mechanical framework using elongation, mass asymmetry, neck degree of freedom as the relevant collective parameters in the Fourier shape parametrization recently developed by us. The potential energy surfaces (PES) are calculated within the macroscopic-microscopic model based on the Lublin-Strasbourg Drop (LSD), the Yukawa-folded (YF) single-particle potential and a monopole pairing force. The PES are presented and analysed in detail for even-even Plutonium isotopes with $A=236 -246$. They reveal …
We analyzed the total kinetic energy (TKE) of fission fragments with three-dimensional Langevin calculations for a series of actinides and Fm isotopes at various excitation energies. This allowed us to establish systematic trends of TKE with $Z^2/A^{1/3}$ of the fissioning system and as a function of excitation energy. In the mass-energy distributions of fission fragments we see the contributions from the standard, super-long, and super-short (in the case of $^{258}$Fm) fission modes. For the fission fragments mass distribution of $^{258}$Fm we obtained a single peak mass distribution. The dec…
Random walks on five-dimensional potential-energy surfaces were recently found to yield fission-fragment mass distributions that are in remarkable agreement with experimental data. Within the framework of the Smoluchowski equation of motion, which is appropriate for highly dissipative evolutions, we discuss the physical justification for that treatment and investigate the sensitivity of the resulting mass yields to a variety of model ingredients, including in particular the dimensionality and discretization of the shape space and the structure of the dissipation tensor. The mass yields are fou…
We investigate the systematics of fission barriers in superheavy elements in the range Z = 108-120 and N = 166-182. Results from two self-consistent models for nuclear structure, the relativistic mean-field (RMF) model as well as the non-relativistic Skyrme-Hartree-Fock approach are compared and discussed. We restrict ourselves to axially symmetric shapes, which provides an upper bound on static fission barriers. We benchmark the predictive power of the models examining the barriers and fission isomers of selected heavy actinide nuclei for which data are available. For both actinides and super…
The cold(neutronless) fission of $^{252}$Cf is studied in the frame of a molecular model in which the scission configuration is described by two aligned fragments interacting by means of Coulomb (+ nuclear) forces. The study is carried out for different distances between the fragments tips and excitation energies. For a given deformation, the fragment's total energy is computed via the constrained Hartree-Fock + BCS formalism. The total excitation energy present in the fragments is supposed to contribute only to the fragments deformation and the asymptotic value of the kinetic energy is equate…
The recent advent of experimental techniques in which the dynamical characteristics of fission fragments are determined more accurately, prompted us to investigate the angular momentum acquired by fragments in a model which describes the cold(neutronless) fission of $^{252}$Cf as the decay of a giant nuclear molecule. The molecular configuration is a consequence of the interplay between the attractive nuclear part and the repulsive Coulomb+nuclear forces. The basic ideea of the present approach is to separate the radial(fission) modes describing the decay of the molecule from the modes associa…
Collective inertia is strongly influenced at the level crossing at which quantum system changes diabatically its microscopic configuration. Pairing correlations tend to make the large-amplitude nuclear collective motion more adiabatic by reducing the effect of those configuration changes. Competition between pairing and level crossing is thus expected to have a profound impact on spontaneous fission lifetimes. To elucidate the role of nucleonic pairing on spontaneous fission, we study the dynamic fission trajectories of $^{264}$Fm and $^{240}$Pu using the state-of-the-art self-consistent frame…
Static and dynamic aspects of the fission process of $^{226}$Th are analyzed in a self-consistent framework based on relativistic energy density functionals. Constrained relativistic mean-field (RMF) calculations in the collective space of axially symmetric quadrupole and octupole deformations, based on the energy density functional PC-PK1 and a $δ$-force pairing, are performed to determine the potential energy surface of the fissioning nucleus, the scission line, the single-nucleon wave functions, energies and occupation probabilities, as functions of deformation parameters. Induced fission d…
Background: Fission barriers of actinide nuclei have been mostly and for long been microscopi- cally calculated for even-even fissioning systems. Calculations in the case of odd nuclei have been performed merely within a so-called equal-filling approximation (EFA) as opposed to an approach taking explicitly into account the time reversal breaking properties at the mean field level- and for only one single-particle configuration. Purpose: We study the dependence of the fission barriers on various relevant configurations (e.g. to evaluate the so-called specialization energy). Besides, we want to…
The goal of this paper is to better understand the structure of fission fragment distributions by investigating the competition between the static structure of the collective manifold and stochastic dynamics. In particular, we study the characteristics of the tails of yield distributions, which correspond to very asymmetric fission. We use the stochastic Langevin framework to simulate the nuclear evolution after the system tunnels through the multi-dimensional potential barrier. For a representative sample of different initial configurations along the outer turning-point line, we define effect…
Using the ETFSI (extended Thomas-Fermi plus Strutinsky integral) method, we have calculated the fission barriers of nearly 2000 exotic nuclei, including all the neutron-rich nuclei up to A=318 that are expected to be relevant to the r-process, and all the superheavy nuclei in the vicinity of N=184, with Z<=120. Our calculations were performed with the Skyrme force SkSC4, which was determined in the ETFSI-1 mass fit. For proton-deficient nuclei in the region of N=184 we find the barriers to be much higher than previously believed, which suggests that the r-process path might continue to mass nu…
The tensor force is implemented into the time-dependent Hartree-Fock (TDHF) theory so that both exotic and stable collision partners, as well as their dynamics in heavy-ion fusion, can be described microscopically. The role of tensor force on fusion dynamics is systematically investigated for $^{40}\mathrm{Ca}+\mathrm{^{40}Ca}$, $^{40}\mathrm{Ca}+\mathrm{^{48}Ca}$, $^{48}\mathrm{Ca}+\mathrm{^{48}Ca}$, $^{48}\mathrm{Ca}+\mathrm{^{56}Ni}$, and $^{56}\mathrm{Ni}+\mathrm{^{56}Ni}$ reactions which vary by the total number of spin-unsaturated magic numbers in target and projectile. A notable effect …
Effect of the tensor force on $β$?-decay is studied in the framework of the proton-neutron random-phase-approximation (RPA) with the Skyrme force. The investigation is performed for even-even semi-magic and magic nuclei, $^{34}$Si, $^{68}$, $^{78}$Ni and $^{132}$Sn. The tensor correlation induces strong impact on low-lying Gamow-Teller state. In particular, it improves the ?$β$-decay half-lives. $Q$ and $ft$ values are also investigated and compared with experimental data.
Tensor force is an important component in the nucleon-nucleon interaction, nevertheless, the role of the tensor force in the spin properties in finite nuclei is much less clear. In this report, we mainly focus on our recent progress on this topic about the relativistic Brueckner-Hartree-Fock theory and the corresponding tensor effects on the spin-orbit splittings in neutron drops. This will serve as an important guide for future microscopic derivations of the relativistic and non-relativistic nuclear energy density functionals.
Background: The half-life of the famous $^{14}$C $β$ decay is anomalously long, with different mechanisms: the tensor force, cross-shell mixing, and three-body forces, proposed to explain the cancellations that lead to a small transition matrix element. Purpose: We revisit and analyze the role of the tensor force for the $β$ decay of $^{14}$C as well as of neighboring isotopes. Methods: We add a tensor force to the Gogny interaction, and derive an effective Hamiltonian for shell-model calculations. The calculations were carried out in a $p$-$sd$ model space to investigate cross-shell effects. …
Rotational bands of $^{252, 253, 254}$No and the fission barriers of $^{254}$No at spin 0$\hbar$ and 20$\hbar$ are calculated with the Hartree-Fock-Bogolyubov theory and the Lipkin-Nogami approximate particle number projection. The SLy4 Skyrme force is used in the particle-hole channel. A zero-range force with and without density-dependence is used in the particle-particle channel. The experimental ground state deformation (${\cal{Q}}_{20}$ = 32.8 b) is reproduced as well as the increase of the dynamical moment of inertia with frequency both for $^{252}$No and $^{254}$No. The rotational band o…
Tensor force is identified in each meson-nucleon coupling in the relativistic Hartree-Fock theory. It is found that all the meson-nucleon couplings, except the $σ$-scalar one, give rise to the tensor force. The effects of tensor force on various nuclear properties can now be investigated quantitatively, which allows fair and direct comparisons with the corresponding results in the non-relativistic framework. The tensor effects on nuclear binding energies and the evolutions of the $Z,\,N = 8,\,20$, and $28$ magic gaps are studied. The tensor contributions to the binding energies are shown to be…
We show how shape transitions in the neutron-rich exotic Si and S isotopes occur in terms of shell-model calculations with a newly constructed Hamiltonian based on V_MU interaction. We first compare the calculated spectroscopic-strength distributions for the proton 0d_5/2,3/2 and 1s_1/2 orbitals with results extracted from a 48Ca(e,e'p) experiment to show the importance of the tensor-force component of the Hamiltonian. Detailed calculations for the excitation energies, B(E2) and two-neutron separation energies for the Si and S isotopes show excellent agreement with experimental data. The poten…
We study the Li isotopes systematically in terms of the tensor-optimized shell model (TOSM) by using a bare nucleon-nucleon interaction as the AV8' interaction. The short-range correlation is treated in the unitary correlation operator method (UCOM). Using the TOSM+UCOM approach, we investigate the role of the tensor force on each spectrum of the Li isotopes. It is found that the tensor force produces quite a characteristic effect on various states in each spectrum and those spectra are affected considerably by the tensor force. The energy difference between the spin-orbit partner, the p1/2 an…
Quantitative information on the tensor force induced isospin-dependence of short-range nucleon-nucleon correlation (SRC) extracted from recent J-Lab experiments was used in constraining the high-momentum tails of single nucleon momentum distributions in both symmetric nuclear matter (SNM) and pure neutron matter (PNM). Its effects on the Equations of State of SNM and PNM as well as the nuclear symmetry energy are investigated. It is found that the tensor force induced isospin-dependence of SRC softens significantly the nuclear symmetry energy especially at supra-saturation densities.
It is generally believed that isospin would diminish in its importance as we go towards heavy mass region due to isospin mixing caused by the growing Coulomb forces. However, it was realized quite early that isospin could become an important and useful quantum number for all nuclei including heavy nuclei due to neutron richness of the systems~\cite{robson}. Lane and Soper~\cite{lane} also showed in a theoretical calculation that isospin indeed remains quite good in heavy mass neutron rich systems. In this paper, we present isospin based calculations~\cite{jain,swati} for the fission fragment d…
The effect of tensor force on the density dependence of nuclear symmetry energy has been investigated within the framework of the Brueckner-Hartree-Fock approach. It is shown that the tensor force manifests its effect via the tensor $^3SD_1$ channel. The density dependence of symmetry energy $E_{sym}$ turns out to be determined essentially by the tensor force from the $π$ meson and $ρ$ meson exchanges via the $^3SD_1$ coupled channel. Increasing the strength of the tensor component due to the $ρ$-meson exchange tends to enhance the repulsion of the equation of state of symmetric nuclear matter…
In many shell model interactions, the tensor force monopole matrix elements often retain systematic trends originating in the bare tensor force. In this work, however, we note for GX-interactions of \textit{pf}-shell that the seven out of ten T = 1 tensor force monopole matrix elements do not share these systematic. We ameliorate this disparity making use of Yukawa-type tensor force and spin-tensor decomposition. Furthermore, we modify the single-particle energy of $1p_{3/2}$ orbit and two TBMEs of $0f$-orbit,and test the revised interaction from Ca to Ge isotopes with various physics viewpoin…
Background: The tensor interaction is known to play an important role in the nuclear structure studies of exotic nuclei. However, most microscopic studies of low-energy nuclear reactions neglect the tensor force, resulting in a lack of knowledge concerning the effect of the tensor force on HIC...... Purpose: The theoretical study of the influence of the tensor force on heavy-ion interaction potentials is required to further our understanding of the microscopic mechanisms entailed in fusion dynamics. Method: The full Skyrme tensor force is implemented into the static Hartree-Fock and dynamic de…
In many shell model interactions, the tensor force monopole matrix elements often retain systematic trends originating in the bare tensor force. However, in the present work, we find that Isospin T = 0 tensor force monopole matrix elements of \textit{p}-shell effective interaction CK(8-16) do not share these systematic. We correct these discrepancies by modifying T = 0 tensor force two-body matrix elements (TBMEs) of CK(8-16) by the analytically calculated tensor force TBMEs. With some additional modification of single-particle energies and TBMEs, the revised effective interaction is named as …
The spin-dependent nature of the nuclear tensor force is studied in details within the relativistic Hartree-Fock approach. The relativistic formalism for the tensor force is supplemented with an additional Lorentz-invariant tensor formalism in $σ$-scalar channel, so as to take into account almost fully the nature of the tensor force brought about by the Fock diagrams in realistic nuclei. Specifically, the tensor sum rules are tested for the spin and pseudo-spin partners with/without nodes, to further understand the tensor force nature within relativistic model. It is shown that the interferenc…
The tensor and spin-orbit forces contribute essentially to the formation of the spin mean field, and give rise to the same dynamical effect, namely spin polarization. In this paper, based on time-dependent density functional calculations, we show that the tensor force, which usually acts like a small correction to the spin-orbit force, becomes more important in heavy-ion reactions and the effect increases with the mass of the system.
In this work we study the effect of the nuclear tensor force on properties related with deformation. We focus on isotopes in the Mg, Si, S, Ar, Sr and Zr chains within the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov theory using the D1ST2a Gogny interaction. Contributions to the tensor energy in terms of saturated and unsaturated subshells are analyzed. Like-particle and proton-neutron parts of the tensor term are independently examinated. We found that the tensor term may considerably modify the potential energy landscapes and change the ground state shape. We analyze too how the pairing characteristics of the g…
In order to treat tensor force explicitly, we propose a microscopic model for nuclear structure based on antisymmetrized molecular dynamics (AMD). As a result of the present study, it is found that some extentions of the AMD method are effective to incorporate the tensor correlation into wave functions. Calculating the deuteron, triton and $^4$He with the extended version of AMD, we obtained solutions that have large contribution of the tensor force. By analyzing the wave funtion of $^4$He, it is found that its single-particle orbits are composed of normal-size $0s$ orbits and shrunk $p$ orbit…
An article by Covello, Gargano and Itaco [Phys.Rev. C 56, 3092 (1997)] tries to find evidence for the important role of the residual tensor force between the valence proton and neutron in doubly odd deformed nuclei. It is shown that observable effects discussed by these authors do not fully justify their rather strong conclusions.
In recent several years, the tensor force, one of the most important components of the nucleon-nucleon force, has been implemented in time-dependent density functional theories and it has been found to influence many aspects of low-energy heavy-ion reactions, such as dissipation dynamics, sub-barrier fusions, low-lying vibration states of colliding partners. Especially, the effects of tensor force on fusion reactions have been investigated from the internuclear potential to fusion cross sections systematically. In this work we present a mini review on the recent progresses on this topic. Consi…
