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arXiv 2410.09445gr-qcastro-ph.HE
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具有倾斜薄吸积盘的Kerr黑洞的新型内阴影

Novel inner shadows of the Kerr black hole with a tilted thin accretion disk

Shiyang Hu, Dan Li, Chen Deng

AI总结:

本研究通过光线追踪模拟倾斜薄吸积盘照亮的Kerr黑洞,发现吸积盘倾斜会使内阴影呈现多种新形态且面积小于赤道盘最小值,提示内阴影对吸积环境敏感,双阴影结构可作为倾斜吸积盘的探测标志。

摘要:

黑洞的内阴影作为事件视界的投影,被视为检验引力理论和约束系统参数的潜在工具。这一结论在倾斜吸积盘的情况下是否成立,仍需进一步研究。本文采用光线追踪算法,模拟了由倾斜薄吸积盘照亮的Kerr黑洞的图像,重点研究了内阴影与系统参数之间的关系。研究结果表明,在赤道吸积盘的情况下,Kerr黑洞的最小内阴影面积为$S_{\textrm{min}} = 13.075$ M$^{2}$,其中M表示黑洞质量。该最小值在视角为$0^{\text{o}}$且自旋参数趋近于$1$时取得。然而,当吸积盘存在非零倾角时,内阴影会呈现出花瓣形、新月形或眉形等新型形态,在多种参数空间下其面积均显著小于$S_{\textrm{min}}$。这表明内阴影对吸积环境高度敏感,提示在将其用作黑洞诊断工具时需谨慎。值得注意的是,若观测到的内阴影小于$S_{\textrm{min}}$,要么表明存在倾斜吸积盘,要么支持修正引力理论的可行性。此外,在特定参数空间中,我们发现了双阴影结构的出现,该结构也可作为倾斜吸积盘的探测标志。

英文摘要:

The inner shadow of a black hole, as a projection of the event horizon, is regarded as a potential tool for testing gravitational theories and constraining system parameters. Whether this holds in the case of a tilted accretion disk warrants further investigation. In this paper, we employ a ray-tracing algorithm to simulate images of the Kerr black hole illuminated by a tilted thin accretion disk, with particular attention to the relationship between the inner shadow and system parameters. Our findings reveal that in the case of an equatorial accretion disk, the Kerr black hole exhibits a minimum inner shadow size of $S_{\textrm{min}} = 13.075$ M$^{2}$, where M denotes the black hole mass. This minimum is achieved when the viewing angle is $0^{\circ}$ and the spin parameter approaches $1$. However, with a non-zero disk tilt, the inner shadow exhibits novel configurations -- taking on petal, crescent, or eyebrow shapes -- significantly smaller than $S_{\textrm{min}}$ across various parameter spaces. This indicates that the inner shadow is highly sensitive to the accretion environment, suggesting that caution is needed when using it as a diagnostic tool for black holes. Notably, an observed inner shadow smaller than $S_{\textrm{min}}$ would either indicate the presence of a tilted accretion disk or support the viability of modified gravity. Moreover, in certain parameter spaces, we identify the emergence of a dual-shadow structure, which could also serve as a probe for the tilted accretion disk.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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