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arXiv 2206.04430gr-qcastro-ph.HE
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极向高斯分布等离子体的克尔黑洞的阴影

Shadows of Kerr black holes with a Gaussian-distributed plasma in the polar direction

Zhenyu Zhang, Haopeng Yan, Minyong Guo, Bin Chen

摘要:

本文研究了极向密度呈高斯分布的轴对称等离子体包围的克尔黑洞的阴影。在径向上,我们考虑了两种模型:在模型A中,等离子体密度按幂律衰减;在模型B中,密度服从对数高斯分布。利用数值后向射线追踪方法,我们发现由于等离子体密度的极坐标分布,阴影的大小对观察者的倾斜角度很敏感。特别地,我们特别关注模型B,并研究了最大密度的径向位置,密度向事件视界的衰减速率和等离子体的张开角对Kerr黑洞阴影的形状和大小的影响。在这项工作中所研究的等离子体的影响可以定性地解释作为凸透镜的折射率小于$1$的等离子体。

英文摘要:

In this work, we study the shadow of Kerr black hole surrounded by an axisymmetric plasma, whose density takes a Gaussian distribution in the polar direction. Along the radial direction, we consider two models: in model A the density of the plasma decays in a power law; in model B the density obeys a logarithmic Gaussian distribution. Using the numerical backward ray-tracing method, we find that the size of the shadow is sensitive to the inclination angle of the observer due to the polar distribution of the density of the plasma. In particular, we pay special attention to the model B and investigate the influence of the radial position of maximum density, the decay rate of the density towards the event horizon and the opening angle of the plasma on the shape and size of the Kerr black hole shadow. The effects of the plasmas studied in this work can be qualitatively explained by taking the plasmas as convex lenses with the refractive index being less than $1$.

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