arXiv 2409.081782024-09-12hep-ph

来自双脉冲星与实验室的重子数破缺洞见：对GeV暗物质的启示

Insights from Binary Pulsars and Laboratories into Baryon Number Violation: Implications for GeV Dark Matter

Rouzbeh Allahverdi, Adrian Thompson, Mohammadreza Zakeri

AI总结：

本研究利用含TeV标量媒介子与GeV马约拉纳费米子的标准模型最小拓展，通过双脉冲星的重子数破缺过程约束模型参数，发现其对特定味耦合的限制强于现有及未来多种实验。

摘要：

实验室及天体物理环境中的稀有过程可作为TeV能标下重子数破缺相互作用的高灵敏度探针。我们通过考虑包含TeV质量标量媒介子与GeV能标马约拉纳费米子$ψ$的标准模型最小拓展，证明了中子星在约束重子数破缺方面的作用。我们发现，双脉冲星系统中通过$n \to γψ$及后续散射$ψn \to π^- K^+$发生的$ΔB = 2$质量损失过程，对模型参数空间施加了严格约束。若中子星物态方程为超子型，由于树图级存在$Λ\rightarrow γψ$衰变的可能性，这些限制将变得更强。我们将这些约束与当前及未来的对撞机实验、$n-\bar{n}$振荡以及未来大型中微子实验中的双核子衰变搜寻进行了比较，发现对于特定味组合，双脉冲星对耦合常数的限制要严格得多。

英文摘要：

Rare processes in laboratory and within astrophysical environments can be highly sensitive probes of baryon-number violating interactions at the TeV scale. We demonstrate the power of neutron stars to constrain baryon number violation by considering a minimal extension of the standard model involving a TeV-mass scalar mediator and a GeV scale Majorana fermion $ψ$. We find that a $ΔB = 2$ mass-loss process in binary pulsar systems via $n \to γψ$ and the subsequent scattering $ψn \to π^- K^+$ places stringent constraints on the model parameter space. These limits will become much stronger, due to the possibility of $Λ\rightarrow γψ$ decays at the tree level, if the neutron star equation of state is hyperonic. We compare these constraints with ongoing and future collider experiments, $n-\bar{n}$ oscillations, and dinucleon decay searches at future large-scale neutrino experiments, finding that the binary pulsars bounds on couplings are significantly tighter for specific flavor combinations.

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