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arXiv 2407.21186gr-qcquant-ph
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因时空涨落产生的熵

Entropy production due to spacetime fluctuations

Thiago H Moreira, Lucas C. Céleri

AI总结:

本研究在弱场近似下探讨了引力波的量子本质,采用量子力学的相容历史方法为非相对论量子系统定义了涨落关系,揭示了系统因与时空量子涨落相互作用而必然产生热力学熵。

摘要:

理解引力场的量子本质无疑是理论物理中最大的挑战之一。尽管取得了重大进展,但完整且一致的理论仍然难以实现。然而,在弱场近似——即曲率效应很小的情况下——我们可以探索此类理论的一些预期性质。与本研究特别相关的是引力波的量子本质,引力波被表示为平坦时空中微小的扰动。在此框架下,将这些扰动作为量子场进行量子描述是可行的,从而引出了引力子的出现。在此,我们考虑一个与此类场相互作用的非相对论量子系统。我们采用量子力学的相容历史方法,该方法允许我们在量子背景下构建经典问题,从而为该系统定义一个涨落关系。结果表明,由于系统与时空量子涨落之间不可避免的相互作用,系统中必然会产生热力学熵。

英文摘要:

Understanding the quantum nature of the gravitational field is undoubtedly one of the greatest challenges in theoretical physics. Despite significant progress, a complete and consistent theory remains elusive. However, in the weak field approximation -- where curvature effects are small -- we can explore some expected properties of such a theory. Particularly relevant to this study is the quantum nature of gravitational waves, which are represented as small perturbations in flat spacetime. In this framework, a quantum description of these perturbations, as a quantum field, is feasible, leading to the emergence of the graviton. Here we consider a non-relativistic quantum system interacting with such a field. We employ the consistent histories approach to quantum mechanics, which allows us to frame classical questions in a quantum context, to define a fluctuation relation for this system. As a result, thermodynamic entropy must be produced in the system due to its unavoidable interaction with the quantum fluctuations of spacetime.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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