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arXiv 2407.20101cond-mat.stat-mech
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淬火无序导致的弛豫率指数变化

Exponential Change of Relaxation Rate by Quenched Disorder

Jan Meibohm, Sabine H. L. Klapp

AI总结:

研究淬火无序对谐振势中布朗粒子弛豫率的影响,发现无序可指数加速或减缓弛豫,弱无序下弛豫率呈高斯分布,可用于调控复杂系统弛豫速度。

摘要:

我们确定了在受淬火高斯无序扰动的谐振势中布朗粒子的渐近弛豫率,这是复杂系统中粗糙能量景观的简化模型。根据无序的性质,我们表明对于一大类无序,渐近弛豫率的均值和方差是参数的非单调函数。特别是,与未受扰动的情况相比,弛豫率可能以指数方式增加或减少。这意味着无序可能根据其性质显著加速或减缓弛豫。在弱无序极限下,我们推导了渐近弛豫率的概率分布,并表明它是高斯的,其均值和方差的解析表达式具有普适极限。我们的发现表明,受控无序可用于调节复杂系统中的弛豫速度。

英文摘要:

We determine the asymptotic relaxation rate of a Brownian particle in a harmonic potential perturbed by quenched Gaussian disorder, a simplified model for rugged energy landscapes in complex systems. Depending on the properties of the disorder, we show that the mean and variance of the asymptotic relaxation rate are non-monotonous functions of the parameters for a broad class of disorders. In particular, the rate of relaxation may either increase or decrease exponentially compared to the unperturbed case. This implies that disorder may, depending on its properties, both significantly speed up \textit{and} slow down relaxation. In the limit of weak disorder, we derive the probability distribution of the asymptotic relaxation rate and show that it is Gaussian, with analytic expressions for the mean and variance that feature universal limits. Our findings indicate that controlled disorder may serve to tune the relaxation speed in complex systems.

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