arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2407.08356cs.CV
收藏

基于FPGA的事件视觉——综述

Event-based vision on FPGAs -- a survey

AGH University of Krakow(克拉科夫AGH科技大学)

Tomasz Kryjak

AI总结:

本文综述了FPGA在事件相机数据处理中的应用,涵盖滤波、立体视觉、光流、AI算法加速及机器人等领域,并探讨了当前趋势与挑战。

摘要:

近年来,人们对事件相机的兴趣日益增长,这种视觉传感器能够独立记录每个像素的照度变化。这种工作方式确保在非常恶劣的光照条件下也能进行采集,无论是在低光照还是高动态范围环境中,并且降低了平均功耗。此外,每个像素的独立工作带来了低延迟,这对机器人解决方案而言是理想的特性。如今,现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)与通用处理器(GPP/CPU)以及可编程图形处理单元(GPU)一样,都是实现和加速计算任务的流行架构。特别是,在过去30年中,FPGA在嵌入式视觉领域的实用性已被反复证明,它们实现了快速数据处理(甚至实时处理)和高能效。因此,事件相机与可重构器件的结合似乎是一个很好的解决方案,尤其是在高能效实时嵌入式系统的背景下。本文概述了最重要的相关工作,在这些工作中FPGA被用于不同场景下处理事件数据。它涵盖了以下应用领域:滤波、立体视觉、光流、面向目标分类、检测与跟踪的基于AI的算法(包括脉冲神经网络)加速,以及机器人和检测系统中的应用。本文还讨论了此类系统的当前趋势和挑战。

英文摘要:

In recent years there has been a growing interest in event cameras, i.e. vision sensors that record changes in illumination independently for each pixel. This type of operation ensures that acquisition is possible in very adverse lighting conditions, both in low light and high dynamic range, and reduces average power consumption. In addition, the independent operation of each pixel results in low latency, which is desirable for robotic solutions. Nowadays, Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), along with general-purpose processors (GPPs/CPUs) and programmable graphics processing units (GPUs), are popular architectures for implementing and accelerating computing tasks. In particular, their usefulness in the embedded vision domain has been repeatedly demonstrated over the past 30 years, where they have enabled fast data processing (even in real-time) and energy efficiency. Hence, the combination of event cameras and reconfigurable devices seems to be a good solution, especially in the context of energy-efficient real-time embedded systems. This paper gives an overview of the most important works, where FPGAs have been used in different contexts to process event data. It covers applications in the following areas: filtering, stereovision, optical flow, acceleration of AI-based algorithms (including spiking neural networks) for object classification, detection and tracking, and applications in robotics and inspection systems. Current trends and challenges for such systems are also discussed.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑