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arXiv 2406.17367astro-ph.EPastro-ph.GA
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湍流原行星盘中复杂有机分子的化学演化:随机紫外辐射的影响

Chemical Evolution of Complex Organic Molecules in Turbulent Protoplanetary Disks: Effect of stochastic UV irradiation

Taiki Suzuki, Kenji Furuya, Yuri Aikawa, Takashi Shibata, Liton Majumdar

AI总结:

本研究通过气体-冰化学网络模拟,发现湍流原行星盘中紫外辐射的时间变化显著影响复杂有机分子丰度,且含氧与含氮分子对辐射通量的响应不同。

摘要:

我们利用气体-冰化学反应网络模拟研究了湍流盘中复杂有机分子(COMs)的化学演化。我们追踪尘埃粒子的轨迹,考虑了平流、湍流扩散、气体阻力和垂直沉降,时间跨度为原行星盘中的10^6年。然后,我们沿轨迹求解气体-冰化学反应网络,获得分子丰度的时间演化。我们发现,即使粒子接收到的紫外辐射通量(即紫外通量的时间积分)相似,粒子中的COM丰度也可能相差两个数量级以上,这表明不仅紫外辐射通量,而且紫外通量的时间变化对盘中COMs的演化也很重要。紫外辐射通量对分子丰度的影响在含氧和含氮COMs之间有所不同。虽然较高的紫外辐射通量导致氧被锁定在CO$_2$中,从而降低了含氧COMs(如CH$_3$OCH$_3$)的丰度,但适度的紫外照射可以通过提供前体自由基来促进它们的形成。另一方面,氮不会被锁定在特定分子中,从而允许含氮COMs的形成,特别是CH$_3$NH$_2$,即使对于接收较高紫外辐射通量的粒子也是如此。我们还发现,当尘埃粒子接收的紫外辐射通量低于临界值时,最终的COM丰度主要由原恒星核继承的丰度决定,而在较高的紫外辐射通量下,它们则由继承的丰度和盘内的化学共同决定。

英文摘要:

We investigate the chemical evolution of complex organic molecules (COMs) in turbulent disks using gas-ice chemical reaction network simulations. We trace trajectories of dust particles considering advection, turbulent diffusion, gas drag, and vertical settling, for 10$^6$ yrs in a protoplanetary disk. Then, we solve a gas-ice chemical reaction network along the trajectories and obtain the temporal evolution of molecular abundances. We find that the COM abundances in particles can differ by more than two orders of magnitude even when the UV fluence (i.e., the time integral of UV flux) received by the particles are similar, suggesting that not only the UV fluence but also the time variation of the UV flux does matter for the evolution of COMs in disks. The impact of UV fluence on molecular abundances differs between oxygen-bearing and nitrogen-bearing COMs. While higher UV fluence results in oxygen being locked into CO$_2$, leading to reduced abundances of oxygen-bearing COMs such as CH$_3$OCH$_3$, mild UV exposure can promote their formation by supplying the precursor radicals. On the other hand, nitrogen is not locked up into specific molecules, allowing the formation of nitrogen-bearing COMs, particularly CH$_3$NH$_2$, even for the particle that receives the higher UV fluence. We also find that the final COM abundances are mostly determined by the inherited abundances from the protostellar core when the UV fluence received by dust particles is less than a critical value, while they are set by both the inherited abundances and the chemistry inside the disk at higher UV fluence.

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