arXiv 2412.092712024-12-12astro-ph.EP

复杂有机分子的旅程：原行星盘中的形成与输运

Journey of complex organic molecules: Formation and transport in protoplanetary disks

T. Benest Couzinou, O. Mousis, G. Danger, A. Schneeberger, A. Aguichine, A. Bouquet

备注：: 12 pages, 7 figures. Published in A&A
发表信息：: Astronomy & Astrophysics, December 2024, Volume 692, id.A10, 11 pp
DOI：: 10.1051/0004-6361/202449499

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AI总结：

该研究构建拉格朗日二维输运模型，结合甲醇冰辐照实验数据，探究原太阳星云中不同尺寸冰粒的紫外辐照情况，明确了不同温度区域颗粒形成复杂有机分子的时间尺度与盘区条件。

摘要：

复杂有机分子是分子多样性的指示物。人们在彗星、行星和卫星上探测到这类分子，引发了对其起源的探究，尤其是对有利于其形成的条件的研究。有一种假说认为，原太阳星云中冰粒受到的紫外辐射会催生显著的分子复杂性，这一假说得到了甲醇冰辐照实验的支持。我们研究了甲醇冰颗粒在原太阳星云中迁移过程中的辐照情况，目标是确定颗粒沿途遇到的条件是否有利于复杂有机分子的形成，并在分析中利用了实验数据。我们构建了一个二维模型，采用拉格朗日（Lagrangian）方案描述原太阳星云演化过程中卵石的输运过程。该模型计算了颗粒在其运动路径上接收到的星际紫外通量，并将其与实验值进行了对比。平均而言，在局地温度20 K的区域释放的、尺寸为1至100微米的颗粒，在原太阳星云演化的25 kyr时间尺度内，受到的辐照量足以达到与实验中甲醇冰相同的分子多样性。相比之下，1厘米尺寸的颗粒需要911 kyr的辐照才能达到相似的分子多样性，因此不太可能形成可比拟的分子复杂性。类似地，在局地温度80 K的区域释放的1至100微米尺寸的颗粒，分别在141 kyr和359 kyr后接收到足够的辐照。这些颗粒在盘的外围区域很容易获得产生实验中观测到的分子多样性所需的辐照剂量。我们的模型结合未来的辐照实验，可进一步揭示行星构造成分形成的具体区域。

英文摘要：

Complex organic molecules serve as indicators of molecular diversity. Their detection on comets, planets, and moons has prompted inquiries into their origins, particularly the conditions conducive to their formation. One hypothesis suggests that the UV irradiation of icy grains in the protosolar nebula generates significant molecular complexity, a hypothesis supported by experiments on methanol ice irradiation. We investigated the irradiation of methanol ice particles as they migrate through the protosolar nebula. Our objective is to ascertain whether the encountered conditions facilitate the formation of complex organics molecules, and we leverage experimental data in our analysis. We developed a two-dimensional model that describes the transport of pebbles during the evolution of the protosolar nebula, employing a Lagrangian scheme. This model computes the interstellar UV flux received by the particles along their paths, which we compared with experimental values. On average, particles ranging from 1 to 100 micrometers in size, released at a local temperature of 20 K, undergo adequate irradiation to attain the same molecular diversity as methanol ice during the experiments within timescales of 25 kyr of protosolar nebula evolution. In contrast, 1 cm sized particles require 911 kyr of irradiation to reach similar molecular diversity, making comparable molecular complexity unlikely. Similarly, particles ranging from 1 to 100 micrometers in size, released at a local temperature of 80 K, receive sufficient irradiation after 141 and 359 kyr. The particles readily receive the irradiation dose necessary to generate the molecular diversity observed in the experiments within the outer regions of the disk. Our model, combined with future irradiation experiments, can provide additional insights into the specific regions where the building blocks of planets form.

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