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arXiv 2406.04459cs.DS
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一般图中轻量生成子的下界

A Lower Bound for Light Spanners in General Graphs

Greg Bodwin, Jeremy Flics

AI总结:

针对一般图轻量 spanner 的上界是否可去除 $\varepsilon$ 依赖问题,本文给出条件性轻量度下界,并说明进一步推广或优化依赖等价于证明围长猜想。

摘要:

Le 和 Solomon [STOC '23] 最近给出的一个上界证明,每个含 $n$ 个节点的图都具有一个 $(1+\varepsilon)(2k-1)$-spanner,其轻量度为 $O(\varepsilon^{-1} n^{1/k})$。该界在其对 $\varepsilon$ 的依赖之外是最优的;剩余的开放问题是,这种依赖能否得到改进,甚至完全消除。我们证明,对 $\varepsilon$ 的依赖实际上无法被完全消除。对于常数 $k$ 以及 $\varepsilon:= Θ(n^{-\frac{1}{2k-1}})$,我们给出轻量度的下界 $$Ω\left( \varepsilon^{-1/k} n^{1/k} \right)。$$ 例如,这意味着存在一些图,对它们而言任何 $3$-spanner 的轻量度都为 $Ω(n^{2/3})$,改进了此前 $Ω(n^{1/2})$ 的下界。我们下界的一个不寻常特征是,它以参数为 $k-1$ 而非 $k$ 的围长猜想为条件。我们还证明,这意味着进一步改进我们的下界存在某些技术限制。特别地,在相同条件下,将我们的下界推广到所有 $\varepsilon$,或获得最优的 $\varepsilon$ 依赖,其难度等同于证明所有常数 $k$ 的围长猜想。

英文摘要:

A recent upper bound by Le and Solomon [STOC '23] has established that every $n$-node graph has a $(1+\varepsilon)(2k-1)$-spanner with lightness $O(\varepsilon^{-1} n^{1/k})$. This bound is optimal up to its dependence on $\varepsilon$; the remaining open problem is whether this dependence can be improved or perhaps even removed entirely. We show that the $\varepsilon$-dependence cannot in fact be completely removed. For constant $k$ and for $\varepsilon:= Θ(n^{-\frac{1}{2k-1}})$, we show a lower bound on lightness of $$Ω\left( \varepsilon^{-1/k} n^{1/k} \right).$$ For example, this implies that there are graphs for which any $3$-spanner has lightness $Ω(n^{2/3})$, improving on the previous lower bound of $Ω(n^{1/2})$. An unusual feature of our lower bound is that it is conditional on the girth conjecture with parameter $k-1$ rather than $k$. We additionally show that this implies certain technical limitations to improving our lower bound further. In particular, under the same conditional, generalizing our lower bound to all $\varepsilon$ \emph{or} obtaining an optimal $\varepsilon$-dependence are as hard as proving the girth conjecture for all constant $k$.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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