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arXiv 2405.08166astro-ph.SRastro-ph.GA
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疏散星团M35中的锂、自转与金属丰度

Lithium, rotation and metallicity in the open cluster M35

D. Cuenda-Muñoz, D. Barrado, M. A. Agüeros, J. L. Curtis, H. Bouy

AI总结:

本研究针对疏散星团M35的G、K型成员星开展观测分析,探究自转与金属丰度对锂耗竭的影响,证实快转星锂丰度更高,且100-250Myr年龄的疏散星团中0.2-0.3dex的金属丰度差异对锂分布影响极小。

摘要:

锂(Li)丰度是G型、K型和M型恒星的年龄指标,因为这些光谱型恒星的锂丰度会随时间下降。然而,尽管过去几十年开展了大量观测工作,自转、活动和金属丰度在锂耗竭过程中所起的作用仍不明确。我们研究了年龄大致与昴星团(Pleiades)相当的疏散星团M35中,G型和K型成员星的锂耗竭如何受自转和金属丰度的影响。为此,我们收集了165颗经WIYN/Hydra光谱仪观测的候选成员星样本。此外,我们还利用了三项此前针对M35中锂元素的光谱学研究成果,最终收集到包含396颗恒星的样本,并将其划分为星团成员星与非成员星。我们测量了本研究新增至现有样本的110颗M35成员星的铁丰度、锂等值宽度以及锂丰度。最后,我们从文献中获取了星团成员星的自转周期,或通过兹威基瞬变设施(Zwicky Transient Facility,ZTF)光变曲线推导得到这些周期。研究证实,在有效温度相近的情况下,快速自转的G型和K型恒星比慢速自转的同类恒星锂丰度更高。此外,虽然我们根据光谱推导得出M35的金属丰度低于太阳,但该星团的锂丰度分布与昴星团和M34的观测结果相似,后两者具有太阳金属丰度且年龄略有差异。另外,我们还发现,此前提出的用于扣除670.75 nm处Fe I谱线对670.78 nm处混合特征贡献的经验关系,高估了该铁谱线对M35成员星的贡献。我们得出结论:对于年龄在100至250 Myr之间的疏散星团,0.2-0.3 dex的金属丰度差异对其锂丰度分布几乎没有影响。

英文摘要:

Lithium (Li) abundance is an age indicator for G, K, and M stellar types, as its abundance decreases over time for these spectral types. However, despite the observational efforts made over the past few decades, the role of rotation, activity, and metallicity in the depletion of Li is still unclear. We have investigated how Li depletion is affected by rotation and metallicity in G and K members of the roughly Pleiades-aged open cluster M35. To do so, we have collected a sample of 165 candidate members observed with the WIYN/Hydra spectrograph. In addition, we have taken advantage of three previous spectroscopic studies of Li in M35. As a result, we have collected a final sample of 396 stars which we have classified as members and non-members of the cluster. We have measured iron abundances, Li equivalent widths, and Li abundances for the 110 M35 members added to the existing sample by this study. Finally, rotation periods for cluster members have been obtained from the literature or derived from Zwicky Transient Facility light curves. As a result, we have confirmed that fast G and K rotators are Li-rich in comparison with slow rotators of similar effective temperature. Furthermore, while we derived subsolar metallicity for M35 from our spectra, the distribution of Li in this cluster is similar to those observed for the Pleiades and M34, which have solar metallicity and slightly different ages. In addition, we have shown that an empirical relationship proposed to remove the contribution of the Fe I line at 670.75 nm to the blended feature at 670.78 nm overestimates the contribution of this iron line for M35 members. We conclude that a 0.2-0.3 dex difference in metallicity makes little difference in the Li distributions of open clusters with ages between 100 and 250 Myr.

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