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arXiv 1604.07580astro-ph.SR
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Gaia-ESO调查:500万年的锂旋转连接?

The Gaia-ESO Survey: A lithium-rotation connection at 5 Myr?

J. Bouvier, A. Lanzafame, L. Venuti, A. Klutsch, R. Jeffries, A. Frasca, E. Moraux, K. Biazzo, S. Messina, G. Micela, S. Randich, J. Stauffer, A. M. Cody, E. Fl… 展开作者

J. Bouvier, A. Lanzafame, L. Venuti, A. Klutsch, R. Jeffries, A. Frasca, E. Moraux, K. Biazzo, S. Messina, G. Micela, S. Randich, J. Stauffer, A. M. Cody, E. Flaccomio, G. Gilmore, A. Bayo, T. Bensby, A. Bragaglia, C. Carraro, A. Casey, M. T. Costado, F. Damiani, E. Delgado Mena, P. Donati, E. Franciosini, A. Hourihane, S. Koposov, C. Lardo, J. Lewis, L. Magrini, L. Monaco, L. Morbidelli, L. Prisinzano, G. Sacco, L. Sbordone, S. G. Sousa, A. Vallenari, C. C. Worley, S. Zaggia, T. Zwitter

摘要:

本文研究了500万年前恒星形成区NGC~2264中年轻低质量恒星的锂含量及其与自转的关系。我们结合锂当量宽度测量,EW(Li),从盖亚-ESO调查的CSI~2264调查的旋转周期的测定。我们只考虑真正的非吸积集群成员,以尽量减少对EW(李)的不确定性。我们报道了NGC~2264在5 Myr年龄时存在锂含量与自转的关系。在有限的温度范围内,Teff=3800- 4400 K,可以看到Li旋转连接,其中快速旋转体与慢速旋转体相比富含Li。这种相关性与之前报道的1.25亿年前的昂星团中K矮星的Li旋转联系相似,尽管幅度较低。我们调查是否非标准的前主序星模型开发到目前为止,解释的昴星团的结果,这是基于情节吸积,前主序星核心信封去耦,和/或半径膨胀,由于增强的磁活动,可以解释早期发展的Li旋转连接。虽然半径膨胀似乎是最有希望的可能性,但这些模型都有问题。因此,我们还讨论了外部原因,可能在前主序星演化的前几个百万年,如行星吞没和/或稳定的磁盘吸积,作为可能的候选人的共同起源锂过剩和快速旋转的年轻低质量的前主序星。在500万年的早期,锂含量和旋转速率之间的联系的出现表明吸积过程、早期角动量演化和可能的行星形成之间存在复杂的联系,这可能影响早期恒星演化,并且仍然有待完全破译。

英文摘要:

We investigate here the lithium content of young low-mass stars in the 5~Myr-old star forming region NGC~2264 and its relationship with rotation. We combine lithium equivalent width measurements, EW(Li), from the Gaia-ESO Survey with the determination of rotational periods from the CSI~2264 survey. We consider only bona fide non accreting cluster members in order to minimize uncertainties on EW(Li). We report the existence of a relationship between lithium content and rotation in NGC~2264 at an age of 5~Myr. The Li-rotation connection is seen over a restricted temperature range, Teff=3800--4400K, where fast rotators are Li-rich compared to slow ones. This correlation is similar to, albeit of lower amplitude than, the Li-rotation connection previously reported for K dwarfs in the 125 Myr-old Pleiades cluster. We investigate whether the non-standard pre-main sequence models developed so far to explain the Pleiades results, which are based on episodic accretion, pre-main sequence core-envelope decoupling, and/or radius inflation due to enhanced magnetic activity, can account for an early development of the Li-rotation connection. While radius inflation appears to be the most promising possibility, each of these models has issues. We therefore also discuss external causes that might operate during the first few Myr of pre-main sequence evolution, such as planet engulfment and/or steady disk accretion, as possible candidates for the common origin for Li-excess and fast rotation in young low-mass pre-main sequence stars. The emergence of a connection between lithium content and rotation rate at such an early age as 5~Myr suggests a complex link between accretion processes, early angular momentum evolution, and possibly planet formation, which likely impacts early stellar evolution and still is to be fully deciphered.

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