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arXiv 2404.01239astro-ph.HEastro-ph.IM
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高海拔实验中大气掠射宇宙线簇射的特性研究

Characterization of Atmosphere-Skimming Cosmic-Ray Showers in High-Altitude Experiments

Matias Tueros, Sergio Cabana-Freire, Jaime Álvarez-Muñiz

AI总结:

本文利用ZHAireS-RASPASS模拟程序研究了高海拔实验中大气掠射宇宙线簇射的特性,分析了纵向剖面涨落与能量、方向、质量的关系,并确定了利于探测的到达方向范围,为高海拔及气球载实验设计与数据解释提供参考。

摘要:

大气掠射簇射是由入射方向特定的宇宙线引发的,使得整个级联过程完全在大气层内部发展,而不会到达地面。这类新型簇射已在诸如ANITA等气球载实验中被观测到,但对其特性的表征仍然缺乏。地球磁场、大气掠射簇射发展的长距离以及它们所穿过的大气低密度之间的相互作用,引发了一些在下行的级联中看不到的效应,需要详细的建模。在本文中,我们使用最新版本的ZHAireS-RASPASS簇射模拟程序来解决这一问题,并深入探讨了这些簇射发展的特殊环境所引发的特定现象。我们特别关注簇射纵向剖面的特性及其作为宇宙线能量、方向和初级质量的函数的涨落。我们还研究了高海拔实验中更有可能探测到宇宙线的到达方向相空间,并发现仅在一个很小的方向范围内,簇射在到达探测器高度之前才得到充分发展。我们的结果对于高海拔特别是气球载实验的设计,以及对其收集数据的解释具有重要意义。

英文摘要:

Atmosphere-skimming showers are initiated by cosmic rays with incoming directions such that the full development of the cascade occurs inside the atmosphere without ever reaching the ground. This new class of showers has been observed in balloon-borne experiments such as ANITA, but a characterisation of their properties is lacking. The interplay between the Earth's magnetic field, the long distances over which atmosphere-skimming showers develop, and the low density of the atmosphere they traverse gives rise to several effects that are not seen in downward-going cascades, and require detailed modeling. In this article, we used the latest version of the ZHAireS-RASPASS shower simulation program to tackle this problem, and dwell on the particular phenomena that arises from the peculiar environment on which these showers develop. We focus in particular on the properties of the longitudinal profile of the shower and its fluctuations as a function of cosmic-ray energy, direction and primary mass. We have also studied the phase-space of cosmic-ray arrival directions where detection in high-altitude experiments is more likely, and have found that only in a small range of directions the showers are sufficiently developed before reaching the altitude of the detector. Our results are relevant for the design of high-altitude and in particular balloon-borne experiments, and for the interpretation of the data they collect.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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