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arXiv 2403.08693cs.CL
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语言模型关心文本质量吗?跨11种语言评估网络爬取语料库

Do Language Models Care About Text Quality? Evaluating Web-Crawled Corpora Across 11 Languages

University of Groningen(格罗宁根大学);Jožef Stefan Institute(约热·什特凡研究所);Universitat d'Alacant(阿利坎特大学);Prompsit(普龙普西特公司)

Rik van Noord, Taja Kuzman, Peter Rupnik, Nikola Ljubešić, Miquel Esplà-Gomis, Gema Ramírez-Sánchez, Antonio Toral

AI总结:

本文通过人工评估和下游任务测试,比较四个大型网络爬取语料库在11种低资源欧洲语言上的质量,发现内在质量与训练效果不一致,质量对LM训练影响不显著。

摘要:

大型、精选的网络爬取语料库在训练语言模型(LMs)中发挥着至关重要的作用。在几乎所有近期语言模型中,例如著名的GPT、LLaMA和XLM-RoBERTa模型,这些语料库构成了训练数据的绝大部分。然而,尽管其重要性如此,对这些语料库质量的关注却相对较少。在本文中,我们比较了当前最相关的四个大型网络爬取语料库(CC100、MaCoCu、mC4和OSCAR),涉及十一种资源较少的欧洲语言。我们的方法有两个方面:首先,我们通过人工评估不同语料库样本的质量进行内在评估;然后,我们通过在每个语料库上训练特定的语言模型并评估其在下游任务上的表现,来评估质量差异的实际影响。我们发现语料库质量存在明显差异,其中MaCoCu和OSCAR获得了最佳结果。然而,在外部评估中,我们实际上发现CC100语料库取得了最高分数。我们得出结论,在我们的实验中,网络爬取语料库的质量在训练语言模型时似乎并未发挥显著作用。

英文摘要:

Large, curated, web-crawled corpora play a vital role in training language models (LMs). They form the lion's share of the training data in virtually all recent LMs, such as the well-known GPT, LLaMA and XLM-RoBERTa models. However, despite this importance, relatively little attention has been given to the quality of these corpora. In this paper, we compare four of the currently most relevant large, web-crawled corpora (CC100, MaCoCu, mC4 and OSCAR) across eleven lower-resourced European languages. Our approach is two-fold: first, we perform an intrinsic evaluation by performing a human evaluation of the quality of samples taken from different corpora; then, we assess the practical impact of the qualitative differences by training specific LMs on each of the corpora and evaluating their performance on downstream tasks. We find that there are clear differences in quality of the corpora, with MaCoCu and OSCAR obtaining the best results. However, during the extrinsic evaluation, we actually find that the CC100 corpus achieves the highest scores. We conclude that, in our experiments, the quality of the web-crawled corpora does not seem to play a significant role when training LMs.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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