CHEX-MATE: Robust reconstruction of temperature profiles in galaxy clusters with XMM-Newton
M. Rossetti, D. Eckert, F. Gastaldello, E. Rasia, G. W. Pratt, S. Ettori, S. Molendi, M. Arnaud, M. Balboni, I. Bartalucci, R. M. Batalha, S. Borgani, H. Bourdi… 展开作者
M. Rossetti, D. Eckert, F. Gastaldello, E. Rasia, G. W. Pratt, S. Ettori, S. Molendi, M. Arnaud, M. Balboni, I. Bartalucci, R. M. Batalha, S. Borgani, H. Bourdin, S. De Grandi, F. De Luca, M. De Petris, W. Forman, M. Gaspari, S. Ghizzardi, A. Iqbal, S. Kay, L. Lovisari, B. J. Maughan, P. Mazzotta, E. Pointecouteau, G. Riva, J. Sayers, M. Sereno
“Cluster HEritage project with XMM-Newton: Mass Assembly and Thermodynamics at the Endpoint of structure formation”(CHEX-MATE)是一项为期多年的Heritage计划,旨在获取118个代表性星系团样本的均匀XMM-Newton观测数据。这些观测经过调整,旨在重建ICM(星系团内介质)主要热力学量直至 $R_{500}$ 的分布,并通过流体静力学平衡方程获得精度为15-20%的单体质量测量。温度剖面是该项目科学目标的必要成分,因此从我们的数据中提取尽可能好的温度测量至关重要。为此,我们基于一个新的具有物理动机的背景模型以及采用马尔可夫链蒙特卡洛(MCMC)方法的贝叶斯方法,构建了一条用于XMM-Newton数据谱提取与分析的新流水线,并在本文中首次予以展示。我们将此新方法应用于代表CHEX-MATE样本的30个星系团子集,结果表明,在源强度低至背景20%的区域,我们依然能获得可靠的温度测量,并将系统误差保持在10%以下。我们将样本的中位数剖面与大半径处的最佳拟合斜率同文献结果进行了比较,发现其与其他基于XMM-Newton数据的测量结果高度一致。相反,当我们在分析中排除源强度低于背景20%的受污染最严重区域时,我们发现剖面明显更加平坦,这与数值模拟的预测以及结合Sunyaev-Zeldovich和X射线成像数据的独立测量结果相一致。
英文摘要:
The "Cluster HEritage project with \xmm: Mass Assembly and Thermodynamics at the Endpoint of structure formation" (CHEX-MATE) is a multi-year Heritage program, to obtain homogeneous XMM-Newton observations of a representative sample of 118 galaxy clusters. The observations are tuned to reconstruct the distribution of the main thermodynamic quantities of the ICM up to $R_{500}$ and to obtain individual mass measurements, via the hydrostatic-equilibrium equation, with a precision of 15-20%. Temperature profiles are a necessary ingredient for the scientific goals of the project and it is thus crucial to derive the best possible temperature measurements from our data. This is why we have built a new pipeline for spectral extraction and analysis of XMM-Newton data, based on a new physically motivated background model and on a Bayesian approach with Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods, that we present in this paper for the first time. We applied this new method to a subset of 30 galaxy clusters representative of the CHEX-MATE sample and show that we can obtain reliable temperature measurements up to regions where the source intensity is as low as 20% of the background, keeping systematic errors below 10%. We compare the median profile of our sample and the best fit slope at large radii with literature results and we find a good agreement with other measurements based on XMM-Newton data. Conversely, when we exclude from our analysis the most contaminated regions, where the source intensity is below 20 of the background, we find significantly flatter profiles, in agreement with predictions from numerical simulations and independent measurements with a combination of Sunyaev-Zeldovich and X-ray imaging data.
CHEX-MATE: Are we getting cluster thermodynamics right?
University of Geneva(日内瓦大学);INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste(意大利国家天体物理研究所的里雅斯特天文台);University of Michigan(密歇根大学);The University of Manchester(曼彻斯特大学);Excellence Cluster ORIGINS(ORIGINS卓越集群);Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München(慕尼黑大学);Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik(马克斯·普朗克天体物理学研究所);IFPU, Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe(宇宙基础物理研究所);INAF, Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio(意大利国家天体物理研究所空间科学与天体物理观测站);Università di Roma ‘Tor Vergata’(罗马托维加塔大学);INFN, Sezione di Roma ‘Tor Vergata’(意大利国家核物理研究所罗马托维加塔分部)
CHEX-MATE: X-ray surface brightness discontinuities across a representative cluster sample
Argonne National Laboratory(阿贡国家实验室);INAF, Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio(意大利国家天体物理研究所,空间科学与天体物理观测站);INFN, Sezione di Bologna(意大利国家核物理研究所,博洛尼部分部);INAF – IASF Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica di Milano(意大利国家天体物理研究所,米兰空间天体物理与宇宙物理研究所);Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian(哈佛史密森尼天体物理中心);Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma ‘Tor Vergata’(罗马托尔维加塔大学物理系);INFN, Sezione di Roma ‘Tor Vergata’(意大利国家核物理研究所,罗马托尔维加塔部分部)
CHEX-MATE: The Impact of Triaxiality and Orientation on Planck SZ Cluster Selection and Weak Lensing Mass Measurements
California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院);IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay(IRFU,CEA,巴黎萨克雷大学);Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory(史密森尼天体物理台);Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)(韩国科学技术院物理系);Department of Astronomy, University of Geneva(日内瓦大学天文系);Department of Physics, Informatics and Mathematics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia(摩德纳和雷焦艾米利亚大学物理、信息学和数学系);INAF, Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica di Milano(意大利国家天体物理研究所米兰空间天体物理学与宇宙物理学研究所)
CHEX-MATE: Relationship between X-ray and millimetre inferences of galaxy cluster temperature profiles
Università di Roma ‘Tor Vergata’(罗马托尔维加塔大学);INFN, Sezione di Roma ‘Tor Vergata’(罗马大学 INFN 分部);Space Science Data Center, Italian Space Agency(意大利航天局空间数据中心);High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory(阿贡国家实验室高能物理部);Sapienza Università di Roma(罗马第一大学);University of Geneva(日内瓦大学);INAF - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna(博洛尼亚天文物理与空间科学研究所);INFN, Sezione di Bologna(博洛尼亚 INFN 分部);Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II(那不勒斯费德里科二世大学)
CHEX-MATE: New detections and properties of the radio diffuse emission in massive clusters with MeerKAT
Università di Bologna(博洛尼亚大学);INAF - IASF Milano(意大利国家天体物理研究所米兰天文物理研究所);DiSAT, Università degli Studi dell’Insubria(因苏布里亚大学地球与环境科学系);INAF - IRA(意大利国家天体物理研究所雷焦艾米利亚天文台);INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera(意大利国家天体物理研究所布雷拉天文台);INFN, Sezione di Bologna(意大利国家核物理研究所博洛尼亚分部);University of Modena and Reggio Emilia(摩德纳和雷焦艾米利亚大学);Curtin Institute for Data Science, Curtin University(科廷大学数据科学研究所)
CHEX-MATE: Cluster Multi-Probes in Three Dimensions (CLUMP-3D) II. Combined Gas and Dark Matter Analysis from X-ray, SZE, and WL
California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院);Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)(韩国科学技术院);INAF - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna(意大利国家天体物理研究所博洛尼亚天文与空间科学观测站);INFN, Sezione di Bologna(意大利国家核物理研究所博洛尼亚分部);Université Paris Saclay(巴黎萨克雷大学);Department of Astronomy, University of Geneva(日内瓦大学天文学系);Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics (ASIAA)(中央研究院天文及天文物理研究所);Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli studi di Roma Tor Vergata(罗马托尔维加塔大学物理系);INFN, Sezione di Roma ‘Tor Vergata’(意大利国家核物理研究所罗马‘托尔维加塔’分部)
CHEX-MATE: towards a consistent universal pressure profile and cluster mass reconstruction
IRAP, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNES, UT3-UPS(IRAP, 法国国家科学研究中心, 图卢兹大学);Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Cité, CEA, CNRS, AIM(巴黎萨克雷大学, 巴黎西岱大学, 法国原子能和替代能源委员会, 法国国家科学研究中心);Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LPSC-IN2P3(格勒诺布尔阿尔卑斯大学, 法国国家科学研究中心);Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut d’Astrophysique Spatiale(巴黎萨克雷大学, 法国国家科学研究中心, 空间天体物理研究所);INAF, Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica di Milano(意大利国家天体物理研究所, 米兰空间天体物理与宇宙物理研究所);Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli studi di Roma Tor Vergata(罗马托尔维加塔大学物理系);INFN, Sezione di Roma ‘Tor Vergata’(意大利国家核物理研究所, 罗马托尔维加塔分部);Sapienza Università di Roma(罗马智慧大学)
CHEX-MATE: AMALGAM weak-lensing analysis of 41 Planck Sunyaev-Zel'dovich-selected galaxy clusters
Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics(中央研究院天文及天文物理研究所);Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Univ.(马赛天文物理实验室,艾克斯-马赛大学);Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, UMR 7095, CNRS & Sorbonne Université(巴黎天文物理研究所,CNRS与索邦大学);INAF – Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna(意大利国家天体物理研究所博洛尼亚天文物理与空间科学观测站);INFN, Sezione di Bologna(意大利国家核物理研究所博洛尼亚分部);Department of Physical Science, Hiroshima University(广岛大学理学部);Hiroshima Astrophysical Science Center, Hiroshima University(广岛大学广岛天体物理科学中心);Core Research for Energetic Universe, Hiroshima University(广岛大学宇宙高能核心研究中心);Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Cité, CEA, CNRS, AIM(巴黎萨克雷大学、巴黎西岱大学、法国原子能和替代能源委员会、CNRS、AIM);Sorbonne Université(索邦大学)
The XMM-Newton X-ray Spectra of the Most X-ray Luminous Radio-quiet ROSAT Bright Survey-QSOs: A Reference Sample for the Interpretation of High-redshift QSO Spectra