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arXiv 2402.14705cond-mat.quant-gashep-phhep-th
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在旋量凝聚体中工程化并揭示 Dirac 弦

Engineering and Revealing Dirac Strings in Spinor Condensates

Gui-Sheng Xu, Mudit Jain, Xiang-Fa Zhou, Guang-Can Guo, Mustafa A. Amin, Han Pu, Zheng-Wei Zhou

备注：
5 pages + 5 figures + 5 appendices. In comparison with the previous version, we have (1) added supplementary material as appendices, and (2) made some minor revisions in the main text. Also, a simulation video for creating two artificial Dirac Strings with a mixed spin-1 state, is available at https://youtu.be/PCQGMqd-DfQ
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AI总结：

本研究提出在旋量原子凝聚体中工程化、操控并显现 Dirac 弦，建立涡旋丝与 Dirac 弦的映射，并据此揭示自旋态与球形涡旋结构的对应及构造球形 Landau 能级的新方法。

摘要：

人工磁单极子已在多种系统中被构建，但与磁单极子场相关的奇异矢量势尚未得到系统研究。我们证明，Dirac 弦——即矢量势的线奇点——可以在旋量原子凝聚体中被工程化、操控并显现出来。我们阐明了自旋、轨道自由度与人工规范场之间的联系，并证明涡旋丝与 Dirac 弦之间存在映射关系。我们还提出了一项方案：制备具有相关对称性的初始自旋态可产生不同的涡旋图案，从而揭示内部自旋态与球形涡旋结构之间的底层对应关系。这种映射还带来了构造球形 Landau 能级和磁单极子谐函数的新途径。我们的观测为理解弯曲空间中具有内部对称性的量子物质的行为提供了洞见。

英文摘要：

Artificial monopoles have been engineered in various systems, yet there has been no systematic study of the singular vector potentials associated with the monopole field. We show that the Dirac string, the line singularity of the vector potential, can be engineered, manipulated, and made manifest in a spinor atomic condensate. We elucidate the connection among spin, orbital degrees of freedom, and the artificial gauge, and show that there exists a mapping between the vortex filament and the Dirac string. We also devise a proposal where preparing initial spin states with relevant symmetries can result in different vortex patterns, revealing an underlying correspondence between the internal spin states and the spherical vortex structures. Such a mapping also leads to a new way of constructing spherical Landau levels, and monopole harmonics. Our observation provides insights into the behavior of quantum matter possessing internal symmetries in curved spaces.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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