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arXiv 2402.09896cs.ITeess.SPmath.IT
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有源 STAR-RIS 辅助的大规模 MIMO 系统的双时间尺度设计

Two-Timescale Design for Active STAR-RIS Aided Massive MIMO Systems

Anastasios Papazafeiropoulos, Hanxiao Ge, Pandelis Kourtessis, Tharmalingam Ratnarajah, Symeon Chatzinotas, Symeon Papavassiliou

AI总结:

本文提出将有源RIS与STAR-RIS结合的ASTARS应用于mMIMO系统,基于统计CSI双时间尺度协议设计低开销信道估计方法,推导可达和速率闭式表达式,并利用PGAM联合优化元件参数,显著降低复杂度与处理开销。

摘要:

同时传输和反射可重构智能表面(STAR-RIS)是 RIS 辅助系统的一种极具前景的实现方式,能够实现全空间覆盖。然而,STAR-RIS 以及传统 RIS 都存在双衰落效应。因此,本文提出将有源 RIS 与 STAR-RIS 结合(记为 ASTARS)应用于大规模多输入多输出(mMIMO)系统,并重点研究能量分割(ES)和模式切换(MS)协议。与以往文献相比,我们考虑了相关衰落的影响,并基于双时间尺度协议进行分析,该协议依赖于统计信道状态信息(CSI)。在此基础上,我们提出了一种针对 ASTARS 架构设计的低开销信道估计方法。接着,我们采用统一方法推导了传输和反射区域两类用户的可达和速率闭式表达式,该方法具有显著的实际优势,如降低了复杂度和开销,与交替优化(AO)方法相比,收敛所需的迭代次数更少。值得注意的是,我们通过应用投影梯度上升法(PGAM),同时最大化 ASTARS 的幅度、相移和有源放大系数。引人注目的是,所提出的优化可在每几个相干间隔执行一次,从而大幅减轻处理负担。仿真验证了分析结果,深入揭示了基本变量对可达和速率的影响,并展示了在实际表面元件数量下,16 个 ASTARS 相比无源 STAR-RIS 的优越性。

英文摘要:

Simultaneously transmitting and reflecting \textcolor{black}{reconfigurable intelligent surface} (STAR-RIS) is a promising implementation of RIS-assisted systems that enables full-space coverage. However, STAR-RIS as well as conventional RIS suffer from the double-fading effect. Thus, in this paper, we propose the marriage of active RIS and STAR-RIS, denoted as ASTARS for massive multiple-input multiple-output (mMIMO) systems, and we focus on the energy splitting (ES) and mode switching (MS) protocols. Compared to prior literature, we consider the impact of correlated fading, and we rely our analysis on the two timescale protocol, being dependent on statistical channel state information (CSI). On this ground, we propose a channel estimation method for ASTARS with reduced overhead that accounts for its architecture. Next, we derive a \textcolor{black}{closed-form expression} for the achievable sum-rate for both types of users in the transmission and reflection regions in a unified approach with significant practical advantages such as reduced complexity and overhead, which result in a lower number of required iterations for convergence compared to an alternating optimization (AO) approach. Notably, we maximize simultaneously the amplitudes, the phase shifts, and the active amplifying coefficients of the ASTARS by applying the projected gradient ascent method (PGAM). Remarkably, the proposed optimization can be executed at every several coherence intervals that reduces the processing burden considerably. Simulations corroborate the analytical results, provide insight into the effects of fundamental variables on the sum achievable SE, and present the superiority of 16 ASTARS compared to passive STAR-RIS for a practical number of surface elements.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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