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arXiv 2402.09519nucl-thcond-mat.stat-mechhep-lathep-ph
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QCD临界点附近转变线上的非单调比熵

Nonmonotonic specific entropy on the transition line near the QCD critical point

Maneesha Sushama Pradeep, Noriyuki Sogabe, Mikhail Stephanov, Ho-Ung Yee

备注：
22 pages, 13 figures; published version
发表信息：
Phys. Rev. C 109, 064905 (2024)
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AI总结：

本文研究了QCD临界点附近等熵轨迹的行为，指出热力学第三定律和临界普适性要求共存线上比熵非单调并出现极大值，并根据临界点处压力温度导数符号对绝热膨胀情形进行了分类。

摘要：

我们研究了量子色动力学（QCD）临界点对QCD相图中等熵轨迹的影响。我们指出，临界状态方程的普适性以及热力学第三定律要求，在共存（一级相变）线上，至少在该线的一侧，比熵（每重子）必须是非单调的。具体而言，必须出现一个极大值。我们展示了该极大值相对于QCD临界点的位置如何依赖于文献中常用的临界状态方程参数。随后，我们考察了由绝热膨胀的重离子碰撞火球所遵循的等熵轨迹在临界点附近的行为。我们发现，临界点处压力的等容温度导数的符号起着关键作用；该符号决定了在共存曲线的哪一侧比熵必须是非单调的（即具有极大值）。我们根据判别参数的值以及轨迹与临界点的接近程度，对绝热膨胀中出现的不同情形进行了分类。

英文摘要：

We investigate the effect of the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) critical point on the isentropic trajectories in the QCD phase diagram. We point out that the universality of the critical equation of state and the third law of thermodynamics require the specific entropy (per baryon) along the coexistence (first-order transition) line to be nonmonotonic at least on one side of that line. Specifically, a maximum must occur. We show how the location of the maximum relative to the QCD critical point depends on the parameters of the critical equation of state commonly used in the literature. We then examine how the isentropic trajectories followed by adiabatically expanding heavy-ion collision fireballs behave near the critical point. We find that a crucial role is played by the sign of the isochoric temperature derivative of pressure at the critical point; this sign determines on which side of the coexistence curve the specific entropy must be nonmonotonic (i.e., has a maximum). We classify different scenarios of the adiabatic expansion that arise depending on the value of the discriminant parameter and the proximity of the trajectory to the critical point.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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