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arXiv 2402.02899eess.AS
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音频-视频数据自监督学习的正负采样策略

Positive and negative sampling strategies for self-supervised learning on audio-video data

Shanshan Wang, Soumya Tripathy, Toni Heittola, Annamaria Mesaros

AI总结:

针对小规模数据集下音频-视觉自监督学习性能不佳的问题,提出基于类别标签的软正样本采样策略,显著提升特征质量并优于传统方法和监督分类。

摘要:

在自监督学习(SSL)中,音频-视觉对应(AVC)是一项流行的任务,旨在从大规模无标注数据集中学习深度音频和视频特征。AVC的关键步骤是从数据集中随机采样音频和视频片段,并学习最小化正样本对(对应的音频-视频对)之间的特征距离,同时最大化负样本对(不对应的音频-视频对)之间的距离。学习到的特征被证明在各种下游任务中有效。然而,当数据集规模较小时,这些方法的性能表现欠佳。在本文中,我们研究了在AVC特征学习任务中利用类别标签信息的效果。我们基于类别标签信息修改了SSL的各种正负数据采样技术,以研究其对特征质量的影响。我们提出了一种新的采样方法,称为软正样本采样,其中某个音频样本的正样本对并非来自精确对应的视频,而是来自同一类别的视频。实验结果表明,在SSL设置下,当数据集规模较小时,通过软正样本采样方法学习到的特征显著优于传统SSL采样方法。这一趋势在域内和域外下游任务中均成立,甚至优于监督分类。最后,实验表明,类别标签信息可以轻松地通过公开可用的分类器网络获得,然后用于提升SSL性能,而无需增加额外的数据标注负担。

英文摘要:

In Self-Supervised Learning (SSL), Audio-Visual Correspondence (AVC) is a popular task to learn deep audio and video features from large unlabeled datasets. The key step in AVC is to randomly sample audio and video clips from the dataset and learn to minimize the feature distance between the positive pairs (corresponding audio-video pair) while maximizing the distance between the negative pairs (non-corresponding audio-video pairs). The learnt features are shown to be effective on various downstream tasks. However, these methods achieve subpar performance when the size of the dataset is rather small. In this paper, we investigate the effect of utilizing class label information in the AVC feature learning task. We modified various positive and negative data sampling techniques of SSL based on class label information to investigate the effect on the feature quality. We propose a new sampling approach which we call soft-positive sampling, where the positive pair for one audio sample is not from the exact corresponding video, but from a video of the same class. Experimental results suggest that when the dataset size is small in SSL setup, features learnt through the soft-positive sampling method significantly outperform those from the traditional SSL sampling approaches. This trend holds in both in-domain and out-of-domain downstream tasks, and even outperforms supervised classification. Finally, experiments show that class label information can easily be obtained using a publicly available classifier network and then can be used to boost the SSL performance without adding extra data annotation burden.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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