Excitons are neutral excitations that are composed of electrons and holes bound together by their attractive Coulomb interaction. The electron and the hole forming the exciton also interact with the underlying atomic lattice, and this interaction can lead to a trapping potential that favors exciton localization. The quasi-particle thus formed by the exciton and the surrounding lattice distortion is called excitonic polaron. Excitonic polarons have long been thought to exist in a variety of materials, and are often invoked to explain the Stokes shift between the optical absorption edge and the photo-luminescence peak. However, quantitative ab initio calculations of these effects are exceedingly rare. In this manuscript, we present a theory of excitonic polarons that is amenable to first-principles calculations. We first apply this theory to model Hamiltonians for Wannier excitons experiencing Fröhlich or Holstein electron-phonon couplings. We find that, in the case of Fröhlich interactions, excitonic polarons only form when there is a significant difference between electron and hole effective masses. Then, we apply this theory to calculating excitonic polarons in lithium fluoride ab initio. The key advantage of the present approach is that it does not require supercells, therefore it can be used to study a variety of materials hosting either small or large excitonic polarons. This work constitutes the first step toward a complete ab initio many-body theory of excitonic polarons in real materials.
Polaronic-Distortion-Driven Enhancement of Excitonic Auger Recombination in ZnO Nanoparticles
Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology(华中科技大学武汉国家光电实验室);Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility, Huazhong University of Science and Technology(华中科技大学先进生物医学成像设施)
Exploring Exciton and Polaron Dominated Photo-physical Phenomena in Ruddlesden-Popper Phases of Ban+1ZrnS3n+1 (n=[1-3]) from Many Body Perturbation Theory
$_{\textrm{n+1}}$ S $_{\textrm{n}}$(n=[1-3])的Ruddlesden-Popper(RP)相在光电子学领域,特别是在太阳能电池中被发展为一类新的有前途的硫属钙钛矿。然而,关于它的光学、激子、极化子和输运性质的详细研究迄今未知。本文在多体微扰理论的框架下,采用第一性原理方法研究了$_{\textrm{n+1}}$ $_{\textrm{n}}$ S $_{\textrm{3n+1}}$(n=[1-3])RP相中的激子和极化子效应.与体相不同,$_{\textrm{n+1}}$ $_{\textrm{n}}$(n=[1-3])RP相具有光学和激子各向异性。从Wannier-Mott的方法,我们表明,在RP相的这类硫属钙钛矿,捕获的离子的介电常数的贡献是重要的。我们报告显着的离子贡献和相对较小的电子-声子耦合常数的Ba $_{\textrm{n+1}}$ Zr $_\textrm{n}$ S $_{\textrm{3n+1}}$相比,散装BaZrS $_3$。激子的结合能被发现是依赖于大的电子-声子耦合的存在。电荷载流子迁移率在Ba $_2$ ZrS $_4$中是最大的,采用相同的变形势计算。根据我们的分析,光学声子模式被观察到占主导地位的声学声子模式,导致极化子迁移率的减少增加n在Ba $_{\textrm{n+1}}$ Zr $_{\text…
Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin(德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校奥登计算工程与科学研究所);Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin(德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校物理系);Department of Physics, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU(巴斯克大学物理系)
University of California, Santa Barbara(加州大学圣塔芭芭拉分校);US Naval Research Laboratory(美国海军研究实验室);Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory(劳伦斯利弗莫尔国家实验室);Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC)(物理科学和技术中心)
Kyungpook National University(庆北国立大学);Max Planck Korea/POSTECH Center for Complex Phase Materials(马普韩国/浦项工科大学复杂相材料中心);University of Vienna(维也纳大学);National Research Council, CNR-SPIN(国家研究委员会,CNR-SPIN);University of L’Aquila(拉奎拉大学);Department of Physics and Astronomy “Augusto Righi,” University of Bologna(博洛尼亚大学“奥古斯托·里吉”物理与天文学系)
Effect of Defects on the Small Polaron Formation and Transport Properties of Hematite from First-Principles Calculations
赤铁矿($α$ $_2$ O $_3$)由于其对可见光吸收有利的带隙、其在水性环境中的稳定性以及与其他有前景的材料相比其相对低的成本而成为用于太阳能到燃料转换的光阳极材料的有希望的候选者。然而,$α$ $_2$ O $_3$中的小极化子输运性质导致低载流子迁移率和电导率,显著降低了其理论极限的效率.在实验上,已经发现,将氧空位和其他掺杂剂(例如Sn)并入材料中明显地提高了其光电流效率。然而,没有定量的解释已经提供了理解的作用,氧空位或锡掺杂的赤铁矿。采用密度泛函理论研究了贫氧、掺氮和掺锡的赤铁矿中小极化子的形成。我们计算了带电缺陷形成能、小极化子形成能和跳跃激活能,以了解缺陷对载流子浓度和迁移率的影响。这项工作为我们提供了关于缺陷对赤铁矿中小极化子形成和输运性质的作用的基本理解,为新掺杂剂的设计提供了关键见解,以进一步提高过渡金属氧化物的太阳能-燃料转换效率。
Intra- and Interlayer Excitonic Fine Structure of the Two-Dimensional Perovskite (PEA)$_2$PbI$_4$
Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg(维尔茨堡大学);MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente(特温特大学 MESA+ 纳米技术研究所);School of Metallurgy and Materials, University of Birmingham(伯明翰大学冶金与材料学院)
Ab initio self-consistent many-body theory of polarons at all couplings
我们提出了一个理论框架来描述极化子的第一性原理内的多体格林函数形式主义。从一般的电子-声子哈密顿量出发,导出了自洽的Dyson方程,其中声子介导的自能由两个不同的项组成。一项是Fan-Migdal自能,描述了动态的电子-声子过程,另一项是极化基态原子核的静态位移对自能的新贡献。本理论的最低阶近似产生了大极化子极限下电子-声子相互作用的标准多体微扰理论方法,以及[Sio et al.,Phys. Rev. B 99,235139(2019); Phys. Rev. Lett. 122,246403(2019)]在小极化子的极限。一个实用的配方,以实现目前的统一形式主义的第一性原理计算的概述。我们将我们的方法应用于Fröhlich模型,并获得非常准确的极化子能量在所有的耦合,符合费曼的极化子理论和图解Monte Carlo计算。我们还恢复了著名的结果Fröhlich和Pekar在弱耦合和强耦合,分别。本方法能够预测多体计算极化子在真实材料中的所有耦合。