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arXiv 2401.09369cond-mat.mtrl-sciphysics.comp-ph
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激子极化子的理论:从模型到第一性原理计算

Theory of excitonic polarons: From models to first-principles calculations

Zhenbang Dai, Chao Lian, Jon Lafuente-Bartolome, Feliciano Giustino

AI总结:

本文提出一种无需超胞、可用于第一性原理计算的激子极化子理论,先通过模型哈密顿量揭示 Fröhlich 耦合下激子极化子的形成条件,再成功应用于氟化锂的从头计算。

摘要:

激子是由电子和空穴通过它们之间吸引性的库仑相互作用束缚在一起而形成的中性激发。构成激子的电子和空穴还会与下方的原子晶格发生相互作用,这种相互作用可以产生一个有利于激子局域化的束缚势。由激子及其周围晶格畸变共同形成的准粒子被称为激子极化子。长期以来,人们一直认为激子极化子存在于多种材料中,并经常用它来解释光学吸收边与光致发光峰之间的斯托克斯位移。然而,对这些效应进行定量的从头计算极为罕见。在本手稿中,我们提出了一种适用于第一性原理计算的激子极化子理论。我们首先将该理论应用于描述经历 Fröhlich 或 Holstein 电子-声子耦合的 Wannier 激子的模型哈密顿量。我们发现,在 Fröhlich 相互作用的情况下,只有当电子和空穴的有效质量存在显著差异时,才会形成激子极化子。随后,我们将该理论应用于从头计算氟化锂中的激子极化子。本方法的关键优势在于它不需要超胞,因此可用于研究承载小激子极化子或大激子极化子的多种材料。这项工作构成了迈向真实材料中激子极化子完整从头多体理论的第一步。

英文摘要:

Excitons are neutral excitations that are composed of electrons and holes bound together by their attractive Coulomb interaction. The electron and the hole forming the exciton also interact with the underlying atomic lattice, and this interaction can lead to a trapping potential that favors exciton localization. The quasi-particle thus formed by the exciton and the surrounding lattice distortion is called excitonic polaron. Excitonic polarons have long been thought to exist in a variety of materials, and are often invoked to explain the Stokes shift between the optical absorption edge and the photo-luminescence peak. However, quantitative ab initio calculations of these effects are exceedingly rare. In this manuscript, we present a theory of excitonic polarons that is amenable to first-principles calculations. We first apply this theory to model Hamiltonians for Wannier excitons experiencing Fröhlich or Holstein electron-phonon couplings. We find that, in the case of Fröhlich interactions, excitonic polarons only form when there is a significant difference between electron and hole effective masses. Then, we apply this theory to calculating excitonic polarons in lithium fluoride ab initio. The key advantage of the present approach is that it does not require supercells, therefore it can be used to study a variety of materials hosting either small or large excitonic polarons. This work constitutes the first step toward a complete ab initio many-body theory of excitonic polarons in real materials.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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