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arXiv 2401.08009astro-ph.GAastro-ph.HE
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对极亮红外星系 IRAS F01004$-$2237 中可能驱动 100 kpc 尺度辐射的活动射电源的 VLBI 探测

VLBI Detection of an Active Radio Source Potentially Driving 100-kpc Scale Emission in the Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxy IRAS F01004$-$2237

Takayuki J. Hayashi, Yoshiaki Hagiwara, Masatoshi Imanishi

AI总结:

研究利用 VLBA 多频观测在 ULIRG IRAS F01004$-$2237 核区发现源自受遮蔽 AGN 的致密射电源,并指出其非热喷流可能驱动 100 kpc 尺度辐射及 AGN 反馈。

摘要:

近邻极亮红外星系(ULIRG)IRAS F01004$-$2237 在射电波段呈现 100 kpc 尺度的连续谱辐射。该星系不存在延展 X 射线辐射,这表明其延展射电辐射源于活动星系核(AGN),但其性质及其在并合系统中的作用仍需进一步认识。我们展示了由甚长基线阵列在 2.3 GHz 和 8.4 GHz 对 IRAS F01004$-$2237 进行多频观测的结果。在核区探测到 1 pc 尺度上的致密 8.4 GHz 连续谱辐射,其内禀亮温度为 $10^{8.1}$ K,表明该射电源起源于 AGN,并可能驱动着延展辐射。相比之下,在 2.3 GHz 未观测到显著辐射,说明存在低频吸收。这种吸收不能仅归因于同步自吸收;谱中起主要作用的另一种解释是热等离子体导致的自由—自由吸收。综合中红外和 X 射线数据等多方面视角可知,该 AGN 在致密环境中受到遮蔽。由延展辐射推断的非热喷流动力功率,在驱散周围介质方面可能比 IRAS F01004$-$2237 中的热外流发挥更重要的作用。这些发现暗示,ULIRG 中的喷流活动可能在并合事件引发的星系演化过程中对 AGN 反馈有所贡献。

英文摘要:

The nearby ultraluminous infrared galaxy (ULIRG) IRAS F01004$-$2237 exhibits 100-kpc scale continuum emission at radio wavelengths. The absence of extended X-ray emission in IRAS F01004$-$2237 has suggested an active galactic nucleus (AGN) origin for the extended radio emission, whose properties and role in merging systems still need to be better understood. We present the results of multi-frequency observations of IRAS F01004$-$2237 conducted by the Very Long Baseline Array at 2.3 and 8.4 GHz. Compact 8.4-GHz continuum emission was detected on a 1-pc scale in the nuclear region with an intrinsic brightness temperature of $10^{8.1}$ K suggesting that the radio source is originated from an AGN, potentially driving the extended emission. In contrast, no significant emission was observed at 2.3 GHz, indicating the presence of low-frequency absorption. This absorption cannot be attributed solely to synchrotron self-absorption; alternatively, free-free absorption due to thermal plasma is mainly at work in the spectrum. From combined perspectives, including mid-infrared and X-ray data, the AGN is obscured in a dense environment. The kinetic power of the nonthermal jet, as inferred from the extended emission, can play a more important role in dispersing the surrounding medium than the thermal outflow in IRAS F01004$-$2237. These findings hint that jet activities in ULIRGs may contribute to AGN feedback during galaxy evolution induced by merger events.

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