The nearby ultraluminous infrared galaxy (ULIRG) IRAS F01004$-$2237 exhibits 100-kpc scale continuum emission at radio wavelengths. The absence of extended X-ray emission in IRAS F01004$-$2237 has suggested an active galactic nucleus (AGN) origin for the extended radio emission, whose properties and role in merging systems still need to be better understood. We present the results of multi-frequency observations of IRAS F01004$-$2237 conducted by the Very Long Baseline Array at 2.3 and 8.4 GHz. Compact 8.4-GHz continuum emission was detected on a 1-pc scale in the nuclear region with an intrinsic brightness temperature of $10^{8.1}$ K suggesting that the radio source is originated from an AGN, potentially driving the extended emission. In contrast, no significant emission was observed at 2.3 GHz, indicating the presence of low-frequency absorption. This absorption cannot be attributed solely to synchrotron self-absorption; alternatively, free-free absorption due to thermal plasma is mainly at work in the spectrum. From combined perspectives, including mid-infrared and X-ray data, the AGN is obscured in a dense environment. The kinetic power of the nonthermal jet, as inferred from the extended emission, can play a more important role in dispersing the surrounding medium than the thermal outflow in IRAS F01004$-$2237. These findings hint that jet activities in ULIRGs may contribute to AGN feedback during galaxy evolution induced by merger events.
The trigonometric parallax of IRAS 23385+6053 and physical properties of molecular clouds based on the VLBI astrometry
Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University(鹿儿岛大学理工学研究科);Curatorial division, Nagoya City Science Museum(名古屋市科学馆策展部);Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University(名古屋大学理学研究科物理学科);National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand (Public Organization)(泰国国家天文研究所);Mizusawa VLBI Observatory, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan(日本国立天文台水泽VLBI观测站);Astrobiology Center(天体生物学中心);National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ), National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS)(日本国立天文台(NAOJ),国立自然科学研究院(NINS))
ALMA Multiple-Transition Molecular Line Observations of the Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxy IRAS 20551-4250: Different HCN, HCO+, HNC Excitation and Implications for Infrared Radiative Pumping
我们提出了我们的ALMA多跃迁分子线观测结果的超亮红外星系,IRAS 20551-4250,这是已知的包含一个发光的掩埋活动星系核,并显示可检测的振动激发(v2=1f)HCN和HNC发射线。HCN、HCO+和HNC的转动J=1-0、4-3和8-7发射线在振动基态(v=0)处被清楚地检测到。振动激发(v2=1f)J=4-3的发射线被检测到的HCN和HNC,但没有HCO+。它们观测到的通量比进一步支持了我们先前基于J=3-2数据获得的建议,即(1)红外辐射泵浦在v=0处的旋转激发中起作用,至少对于HCN和HNC,以及(2)HCN丰度高于HCO+和HNC。同位素H13 CN、H13 CO+和HN 13 C J=3-2发射线的通量测量支持更高HCN丰度的情况。基于碰撞激发模型,我们约束这些线发射分子气体的物理性质,但发现更高的HNC旋转激发比HCN和HCO+是很难解释的,由于更高的有效临界密度的HNC。我们考虑了红外辐射泵浦的影响,使用现有的5-30微米的红外光谱,发现我们的观测结果很好地解释,如果辐射源位于30-100 pc的分子气体。同时覆盖的非常明亮的CO J=3-2发射线显示了一个广泛的发射翼,我们解释为由于分子外流活动的估计速度约为150 Msun/yr。
The role of molecular gas in the nuclear regions of IRAS 00183-7111. ALMA and X-ray investigations of an ultraluminous infrared galaxy
我们提出了一个多频率的研究超亮红外星系(ULIRG)IRAS 00183-7111(z=0.327),从勺诊断图选择作为一个高度模糊的活动星系核(AGN)的候选人。使用ALMA循环0毫米和X射线观测;主要目的是验证CO示踪的分子气体在什么水平上可能对在X射线能量下观测到的遮蔽负责。理论和观测都表明,星系尺度的吸收可能在中等(即康普顿薄)柱密度的活动星系核遮蔽中发挥作用。我们从ALMA CO $_{(1-0)}$探测中推导出分子气体柱密度$(8.0\pm0.9)\times10^{21}$ cm $^{-2}$,而从X射线光谱拟合中得到的冷气体最佳拟合柱密度为$6.8^{+2.1}_{-1.5}\times10^{22}$ cm $^{-2}$。这两个量表明,分子气体可能只贡献了活动星系核遮蔽的一小部分;然而,它们之间的联系并不简单。IRAS 00183-7111的核区域可能被分层成不同的物质层:一层是内部的,被活动星系核的强辐射场高度电离(从X射线光谱中发现的高电离铁线推断),另一层是外部的,温度较低,从核延伸超过5 kpc(由ALMA观测到的分子气体追踪)。分子气体区也产生了强烈的星暴,SFR $\sim260\pm28$ M $_{\odot}$ yr $^{-1}$。这种核环境的复杂性使得很难确定活动星系核模糊的起源,因为目前可用的数据质量。为了深入研究这一问题,需要在毫米级…
VLBI Observations of H2O Maser Annual Parallax and Proper Motion in IRAS 20143+3634: Reflection on the Galactic Constants
本文报道了利用射电天文VLBI探测器(VERA)对IRAS 20143+3634恒星形成区H $_{2}$ O脉泽的VLBI观测结果。通过对脉泽的两年多跟踪,我们测量了$π= 0.367 \pm 0.037$脉泽的三角视差,对应于$D = 2.72 ^{+0.31}_{-0.25}$ kpc的源距离,并将其放置在本地旋臂中,我们的三角距离仅为以前基于径向速度估计的60%,显著影响了源的天体物理学。我们测量了R. A中$-2.99 \pm 0.16$ mas yr $^{-1}$和$-4.37 \pm 0.43$ mas yr $^{-1}$的自行。和Decl。分别用这两种方法估计了震源的特殊运动:对于$R_0=8$ kpc和$Θ_0=221$ km s $^{-1}$,估计的速度分别为$(U_{s},V_{s},W_{s}) = (-0.9 \pm 2.9, -8.5 \pm 1.6, +8.0 \pm 4.3)$ km s $^{-1}$;对于$R_0=8.5$ kpc和$Θ_0=235$ km s $^{-1}$,估计的速度分别为$(U_{s},V_{s},W_{s}) = (-1.0 \pm 2.9, -9.3 \pm 1.5, +8.0 \pm 4.3)$ km s $^{-1}$。IRAS 20143+3634位于天鹅座方向的切点附近。利用我们的观测结果,我们导出了地方静…
A High Incidence of Mid-infrared Variability in Local Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan(日本国立天文台);The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI(综合研究大学院大学);Kitami Institute of Technology(北见工业大学);Waseda University(早稻田大学);Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo(东京大学宇宙射线研究所);The University of Tokyo(东京大学)
Outer Rotation Curve of the Galaxy with VERA II: Annual Parallax and Proper Motion of the Star-Forming Region IRAS21379+5106
我们利用VERA对大质量恒星形成区IRAS 21379+5106进行了天体测量VLBI观测,测量了年视差和自行。年视差测量为$0.262 \pm 0.031$ mas,对应于$3.82^{+0.51}_{-0.41}$ kpc的三角距离。自行为$(μ_α\cosδ, μ_δ)=(-2.74 \pm 0.08, -2.87 \pm 0.18)$ mas yr $^{-1}$。利用这一结果,当我们采用银河系常数$R_0=8.05\pm 0.45$ kpc和$V_0=238\pm 14$ km s $^{-1}$时,在银心距$R=9.22\pm0.43$ kpc处,银河系的自转速度被估计为$V_θ=218\pm 19$ km s $^{-1}$。根据新确定的距离,{中心年轻恒星天体的热光度重新评估为$(2.15\pm 0.54)\times 10^3 L_\odot$,对应于光谱类型} B2-B3。脉泽特征从西南向东北沿直线分布。此外,一个矢量地图的内部运动的剩余自行构建意味着微波激射器功能跟踪双极流,它不能用简单的弹道运动来解释。
The link between galaxy merger, radio jet expansion and molecular outflow in the ULIRG IRAS 00183-7111
Cardiff University(卡迪夫大学);INAF, Arcetri Astrophysical Observatory(意大利国家天体物理研究所,阿切特里天文台);INAF - Istituto di Radioastronomia(意大利国家天体物理研究所,射电天文研究所);INAF–Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte(意大利国家天体物理研究所,卡波迪蒙特天文台);Observatorio de Madrid, OAN-IGN(马德里天文台,西班牙国家地理研究所);Institut de Ciències del Cosmos (ICCUB), Universitat de Barcelona (IEEC-UB)(巴塞罗那大学宇宙科学研究所);ICREA(加泰罗尼亚高级研究学院);Cornell Center for Astrophysics and Planetary Science(康奈尔天体物理学与行星科学中心);Centro de Astrobiología (CAB), CSIC-INTA(天体生物学中心,西班牙国家航空航天技术研究所/西班牙国家科学研究委员会);Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia “Augusto Righi(博洛尼大学物理与天文学系);INAF - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna(意大利国家天体物理研究所,博洛尼天体物理与空间科学观测站);School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania(塔斯马尼亚大学自然科学学院)