arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2311.00540cond-mat.supr-concond-mat.quant-gas
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包含配对涨落的BCS-BEC渡越中的临界电流

Critical current throughout the BCS-BEC crossover with the inclusion of pairing fluctuations

Leonardo Pisani, Verdiana Piselli, Giancarlo Calvanese Strinati

AI总结:

本文系统分析费米子超流体在BCS-BEC渡越中的电流-动量特性,发现低温下回流电流阈值对应朗道临界动量,并统一描述破对与声子两种耗散机制,改进与实验数据的吻合。

摘要:

本工作旨在对费米子超流体在整个BCS-BEC渡越过程中的电流密度与动量特性进行系统分析,即使在完全均匀的情况下也是如此。在低温下,配对涨落不足以使准粒子方法失效,我们发现回流电流起始存在一个尖锐阈值,该阈值决定了耗散的出现,并根据朗道判据确定了临界动量。该动量从BCS到BEC区域平滑演化,其中包含配对涨落的单粒子电流密度的单一表达式使我们能够同等对待两种截然不同的耗散机制,即分别位于BCS-BEC渡越两侧的破对激发和声子激发。在有限温度下,热涨落拓宽了激发谱,并使耗散(动力学和热学)机制相互交织,此时转而采用巴丁提出的替代判据来标志超流体行为的丧失。通过这种方式,与现有线性及环形几何结构中的实验数据的详细比较相比以往方法有了显著改进,从而证明了量子涨落在重整化单粒子激发谱中所起的关键作用。

英文摘要:

The present work aims at providing a systematic analysis of the current density versus momentum characteristics for a fermionic superfluid throughout the BCS-BEC crossover, even in the fully homogeneous case. At low temperatures, where pairing fluctuations are not strong enough to invalidate a quasi-particle approach, a sharp threshold for the inception of a back-flow current is found, which sets the onset of dissipation and identifies the critical momentum according to Landau. This momentum is seen to smoothly evolve from the BCS to the BEC regimes, whereby a single expression for the single-particle current density that includes pairing fluctuations enables us to incorporate on equal footing two quite distinct dissipative mechanisms, namely, pair-breaking and phonon excitations in the two sides of the BCS-BEC crossover, respectively. At finite temperature, where thermal fluctuations broaden the excitation spectrum and make the dissipative (kinetic and thermal) mechanisms intertwined with each other, an alternative criterion due to Bardeen is instead employed to signal the loss of superfluid behavior. In this way, detailed comparison with available experimental data in linear and annular geometries is significantly improved with respect to previous approaches, thereby demonstrating the crucial role played by quantum fluctuations in renormalizing the single-particle excitation spectrum.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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