arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2310.03393math.NAcs.LGcs.NA
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基于深度学习的高维倒向随机微分方程求解方案的不确定性量化

Uncertainty quantification for deep learning-based schemes for solving high-dimensional backward stochastic differential equations

University of Wuppertal(伍珀塔尔大学)

Lorenc Kapllani, Long Teng, Matthias Rottmann

AI总结:

本研究针对基于深度学习的高维BSDE求解方案可靠性不明的问题,开发了仅需单次运行即可估计近似解均值与标准差的UQ模型,可高效量化不确定性、优化算法并辅助超参数选择。

摘要:

基于深度学习的高维倒向随机微分方程(BSDEs)数值求解方案近年来引发了大量科研关注。尽管这类方法让数值方法能够近似求解极高维的BSDEs,但其可靠性尚未得到研究,因此尚不明确。本研究针对一类基于深度学习的BSDE求解方案,开展不确定性量化(UQ)研究。更具体地说,我们梳理了这类方案中涉及的不确定性来源,并通过数值研究分析了不同来源的影响。通常,研究人员会通过使用不同数据集多次运行算法得到的近似解的标准差(STD)来处理不确定性,这种方法计算成本相当高,尤其是对于高维问题。因此,我们开发了一种UQ模型,仅需单次运行算法就能高效估计近似解的标准差。该模型还能估计近似解的均值,可用于初始化算法并优化求解过程。我们的数值实验表明,对于所研究的这类基于深度学习的BSDE求解方案,该UQ模型能可靠估计近似解的均值和标准差。估计得到的标准差能够覆盖多种不确定性来源,证明了其在不确定性量化方面的有效性。此外,该模型还能通过估计的标准差数值比较不同方案,体现出性能提升作用。进一步地,它还能识别出使求解方案获得良好近似效果的超参数取值。

英文摘要:

Deep learning-based numerical schemes for solving high-dimensional backward stochastic differential equations (BSDEs) have recently raised plenty of scientific interest. While they enable numerical methods to approximate very high-dimensional BSDEs, their reliability has not been studied and is thus not understood. In this work, we study uncertainty quantification (UQ) for a class of deep learning-based BSDE schemes. More precisely, we review the sources of uncertainty involved in the schemes and numerically study the impact of different sources. Usually, the standard deviation (STD) of the approximate solutions obtained from multiple runs of the algorithm with different datasets is calculated to address the uncertainty. This approach is computationally quite expensive, especially for high-dimensional problems. Hence, we develop a UQ model that efficiently estimates the STD of the approximate solution using only a single run of the algorithm. The model also estimates the mean of the approximate solution, which can be leveraged to initialize the algorithm and improve the optimization process. Our numerical experiments show that the UQ model produces reliable estimates of the mean and STD of the approximate solution for the considered class of deep learning-based BSDE schemes. The estimated STD captures multiple sources of uncertainty, demonstrating its effectiveness in quantifying the uncertainty. Additionally, the model illustrates the improved performance when comparing different schemes based on the estimated STD values. Furthermore, it can identify hyperparameter values for which the scheme achieves good approximations.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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