This paper is dedicated to prove that the space of circle expanding maps of degree 2 preserving Lebesgue measure is an arc-connected space homeomorphic to an infinite-dimensional Lie group whose fundamental group is $\mathbb{Z}$. The techniques involved in the proof are rather unexpected and lead to a formulation of a general conjecture
In this paper we show that generic continuous Lebesgue measure preserving circle maps have the s-limit shadowing property. In addition we obtain that s-limit shadowing is a generic property also for continuous circle maps. In particular, this implies that classical shadowing, periodic shadowing and limit shadowing are generic in these two settings as well.
For area-preserving twist maps on the annulus, we consider the problem on quantitative destruction of invariant circles with a given frequency $ω$ of an integrable system by a trigonometric polynomial of degree $N$ perturbation $R_N$ with $\|R_N\|_{C^r}<ε$. We obtain a relation among $N$, $r$, $ε$ and the arithmetic property of $ω$, for which the area-preserving map admit no invariant circles with $ω$.
This paper studies the behavior under iteration of the maps T_{ab}(x,y)=(F_{ab}(x)-y,x) of the plane R^2, in which F_{ab}(x)=ax if x>=0 and bx if x<0. The orbits under iteration correspond to solutions of the nonlinear difference equation x_{n+2}= 1/2(a-b)|x_{n+1}| + 1/2(a+b)x_{n+1} - x_n. This family of maps has the parameter space (a,b)\in R^2. These maps are area-preserving homeomorphisms of R^s that map rays from the origin into rays from the origin. This paper shows the existence of special parameter values where T_{ab} has every nonzero orbit an invariant circle with irrational rotation …
In this report, we first recall the Poincaré's classification theorem for minimal orientation-preserving homeomorphisms on the circle and the Ghys' classification theorem for minimal orientation-preserving group actions on the circle. Then we introduce a classification theorem for a specified class of topologically transitive orientation-preserving group actions on the circle by $\mathbb Z^d$. Also, some groups that admit/admit no topologically transitive actions on the line are determined.
Classical results by Poincaré and Denjoy show that two orientation-preserving $C^2$ diffeomorphisms of the circle are topologically conjugate if and only if they have the same rotation number. We show that there is no possibility of getting such a complete numerical Borel invariant for the conjugacy relation of orientation-preserving circle diffeomorphisms by homeomorphisms with higher degree of regularity. For instance, we consider conjugacy by Hölder homeomorphisms or by $C^k$-diffeomorphisms with $k\in \mathbb{Z}^+ \cup \{\infty\}$. The proof combines techniques from Descriptive Set Theory …
We give a complete description of the behaviour of the sequence of displacements $η_n(z)=Φ^n(x) - Φ^{n-1}(x) \ \rmod \ 1$, $z=\exp(2π\rmi x)$, along a trajectory $\{φ^{n}(z)\}$, where $φ$ is an orientation preserving circle homeomorphism and $Φ:\mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R}$ its lift. If the rotation number $\varrho(φ)=\frac{p}{q}$ is rational then $η_n(z)$ is asymptotically periodic with semi-period $q$. This convergence to a periodic sequence is uniform in $z$ if we admit that some points are iterated backward instead of taking only forward iterations for all $z$. If $\varrho(φ) \notin \mathbb{Q…
This paper provides a canonical compactification of the plane ${\mathbb R}^2$ by adding a circle at infinity associated to a countable family of singular foliations or laminations (under some hypotheses), generalizing an idea by Mather \cite{Ma}. Moreover any homeomorphism of ${\mathbb R}^2 $ preserving the foliations extends on the circle at infinity. Then this paper provides conditions ensuring the minimality of the action on the circle at infinity induced by an action on ${\mathbb R}^2 $ preserving one foliation or two transverse foliations. In particular the action on the circle at infinit…
Rotational invariant circles of area-preserving maps are an important and well-studied example of KAM tori. John Greene conjectured that the locally most robust rotational circles have rotation numbers that are noble, i.e., have continued fractions with a tail of ones, and that, of these circles, the most robust has golden mean rotation number. The accurate numerical confirmation of these conjectures relies on the map having a time reversal symmetry, and these methods cannot be applied to more general maps. In this paper, we develop a method based on a weighted Birkhoff average for identifying…
In this article, we describe all the group morphisms from the group of orientation-preserving homeomorphisms of the circle to the group of homeomorphisms of the annulus or of the torus.
We study groups of circle diffeomorphisms whose action on the cylinder $\mathcal C=\mathbb S^1\times \mathbb S^1\setminus Δ$ preserves a volume form. We first show that such a group is topologically conjugate to a subgroup of $\rm{PSL}(2,\mathbb R)$, then discuss the existence of a differentiable conjugacy.
Given any Liouville number $α$, it is shown that various subspaces are $C^\infty$-dense in the space of the orientation preserving $C^\infty$ diffeomorphisms of the circle with rotation number $α$.
The hyperbolic components in the moduli space ${M}_d$ of degree $d\geq2$ rational maps are mysterious and fundamental topological objects. For those in the connectedness locus, they are known to be the finite quotients of the Euclidean space $\mathbb{R}^{4d-4}$. In this paper, we study the hyperbolic components in the disconnectedness locus and with minimal complexity: those in the Cantor circle locus. We show that each of them is a finite quotient of the space $\mathbb{R}^{4d-4-n}\times\mathbb{T}^{n}$, where $n$ is determined by the dynamics. The proof relates Riemann surface theory (Abel's T…
Given any Liouville number $α$, it is shown that the nullity of the Hausdorff dimension of the invariant measure is generic in the space of the orientation preserving $C^\infty$ diffeomorphisms of the circle with rotation number $α$.
In this paper we will refine Sacksteder's theorem for groups of orientation-preserving homeomorphisms of the circle in the case that there exists a finite orbit set. We will give a categorization of the topological possibilities for the orbits of points of the circle, along with examples.
In this paper, we study geometric features of orientation-preserving random dynamical systems on the circle driven by memoryless noise that exhibit stable synchronisation: we consider crack points, invariant measures, and the link between synchronisation and compressibility of arcs; we also characterise stable synchronisation in additive-noise stochastic differential equations on the circle, in terms of "subperiodicity" of the vector field.
Topological structure of minimal sets is studied for a dynamical system $(E,F)$ given by a fibre-preserving, in general non-invertible, continuous selfmap $F$ of a graph bundle $E$. These systems include, as a very particular case, quasiperiodically forced circle homeomorphisms. Let $M$ be a minimal set of $F$ with full projection onto the base space $B$ of the bundle. We show that $M$ is nowhere dense or has nonempty interior depending on whether the set of so called endpoints of $M$ is dense in $M$ or is empty. If $M$ is nowhere dense, we prove that either a typical fibre of $M$ is a Cantor …
We prove that an analytic quasiperiodically forced circle flow with a not super-Liouvillean base frequency and which is close enough to some constant rotation is $C^{\infty}$ rotations reducible, provided its fibered rotation number is Diophantine with respect to the base frequency. As a corollary, we obtain that among such systems, the linearizable ones and those displaying mode-locking are locally dense for the $C^\infty$-topology.
We provide a classification of random orientation-preserving homeomorphisms of $\mathbb{S}^1$, up to topological conjugacy of the random dynamical systems generated by i.i.d. iterates of the random homeomorphism. This classification covers all random circle homeomorphisms for which the noise space is a connected Polish space and an additional extremely weak condition is satisfied.
We study topological properties of semi-group actions on the circle by orientation-preserving homeomorhisms. We prove that a generic action either possesses a forward-invariant interval-domain (i.e. a finite union of disjoint circle arcs), or is two-sided minimal (and, moreover, by a small perturbation one can create a map with arbitrary rotation number in the semigroup). For the minimal case, we also study conditions required for global synchronization.
We consider the rotation number $ρ(t)$ of a diffeomorphism $f_t=R_t\circ f$, where $R_t$ is the rotation by $t$ and $f$ is an orientation preserving $C^\infty$ diffeomorphism of the circle $S^1$. We shall show that if $ρ(t)$ is irrational $$\limsup_{t'\to t}(ρ(t')-ρ(t))/(t'-t)\geq 1.$$
We prove that if two analytic multicritical circle maps with the same bounded type rotation number are topologically conjugate by a conjugacy which matches the critical points of the two maps while preserving the orders of their criticalities, then the conjugacy necessarily has $C^{1+α}$ regularity, where $α$ depends only on the bound on the type of the rotation number. We then extend this rigidity result to $C^3$-smooth bi-cubic circle maps.
Let $Σ_{g}$ be a closed, connected, and oriented surface of genus $g \geq 24$ and let $Γ$ be a finite index subgroup of the mapping class group $Mod(Σ_{g})$ that contains the Torelli group $\mathcal{I}(Σ_g)$. Then any orientation preserving $C^1$ action of $Γ$ on the circle cannot be faithful. We also show that if $Γ$ is a finite index subgroup of $Aut(F_n)$, when $n \geq 8$, that contains the subgroup of IA-automorphisms, then any orientation preserving $C^1$ action of $Γ$ on the circle cannot be faithful. Similarly, if $Γ$ is a finite index subgroup of $Out(F_n)$, when $n \geq 8$, that conta…
We study $C^{2}$ weakly order preserving circle maps with a flat interval. The main result of the paper is about a sharp transition from degenerate geometry to bounded geometry depending on the degree of the singularities at the boundary of the flat interval. We prove that the non-wandering set has zero Hausdorff dimension in the case of degenerate geometry and it has Hausdorff dimension strictly greater than zero in the case of bounded geometry. Our results about circle maps allow to establish a sharp phase transition in the dynamics of Cherry flows.
We describe the relation between the dynamical properties of a quasiperiodically forced orientation-preserving circle homeomorphism and the behavior of the fibered rotation number with respect to strictly monotone perturbations. Despite the fact that the dynamics in the forced case can be considerably more complicated, the result we obtain is in perfect analogy with the one-dimensional situation. In particular, the fibered rotation number behaves strictly monotonically whenever the rotation vector is irrational. This answers a question posed by Herman (1983, Comm. Math. Helv.).
For a class of irrational numbers, depending on their Diophantine properties, we construct explicit rank-one transformations that are totally ergodic and not weakly mixing. We classify when the measure is finite or infinite. In the finite case they are isomorphic to irrational rotations. We also obtain rank-one nonrigid infinite invariant measures for irrational rotations, and, for each Krieger type, nonsingular measures on irrational rotations. In the third version, in the infinite case we use the constructions to provide examples of non-weakly mixing infinite measure-preserving ergodic trans…
Let $f$ be an orientation-preserving circle diffeomorphism with irrational rotation number and with a break point $ξ_{0},$ that is, its derivative $f'$ has a jump discontinuity at this point. Suppose that $f'$ satisfies a certain Zygmund condition dependent on a parameter $γ>0.$ We prove that the renormalizations of $f$ are approximated by Möbius transformations in $C^{1}$-norm if $γ\in (0,1]$ and they are approximated in $C^{2}$-norm if $γ\in (1,+\infty).$ It is also shown, that the coefficients of Möbius transformations get asymptotically linearly dependent.
We prove that the polynomial entropy of an orientation preserving homeomorphism of the circle equals 1 when the homeomorphism is not conjugate to a rotation and that it is 0 otherwise. In a second part we prove that the polynomial entropy of a flow on the two dimensional torus associated with a $C^1$ nonvanishing vector field is less that $1$. We moreover prove that when the flow possesses periodic orbits its polynomial entropy equals 1 unless it is conjugate to a rotation (in this last case, the polynomial entropy is zero).
Inspired by a twist maps theorem of Mather we study recurrent invariant sets that are ordered like rigid rotation under the action of the lift of a bimodal circle map $g$ to the $k$-fold cover. For each irrational in the interior of the rotation set the collection of the $k$-fold ordered semi-Denjoy minimal sets with that rotation number contains a $(k-1)$-dimensional ball in the weak topology on their unique invariant measures. We also describe completely their periodic orbit analogs for rational rotation numbers. The main tool is a generalization of a construction of Hedlund and Morse which …
We consider order preserving $C^3$ circle maps with a flat piece, Fibonacci rotation number, critical exponents $(\ell_1, \ell_2)$ and negative shwarzian derivative. This paper treat the geometry characteristic of the non-wondering (cantor (fractal)) set from a map of our class. We prove that, for $(\ell_1, \ell_2)$ in $(1,2)^2$, the geometry of system is degenerate (double exponentially fast). As consequences, the renormalization diverges and the geometric (rigidity) class depends on the three couples $(c_u(f), c'_u(f) )$, $( c_+(f), c'_+(f))$ and $(c_s(f), c'_s(f) )$.\vspace{0.5cm}
A central question in dynamics is whether the topology of a system determines its geometry. This is known as rigidity. Under mild topological conditions rigidity holds for many classical cases, including: Kleinian groups, circle diffeomorphisms, unimodal interval maps, critical circle maps, and circle maps with a break point. More recent developments show that under similar topological conditions, rigidity does not hold for slightly more general systems. In this paper we state a conjecture which describes how topological classes are organized into rigidity classes.
We prove that if $Γ$ is a countable group without a subgroup isomorphic to $\mathbb{Z}^2$ that acts faithfully and minimally by orientation preserving homeomorphisms on the circle, then it has a free orbit. We give examples showing that this does not hold for actions by homeomorphisms of the line.
In this paper we study quasi-symmetric conjugations of $C^2$ weakly order-preserving circle maps with a flat interval. Under the assumption that the maps have the same rotation number of bounded type and that bounded geometry holds we construct a quasi-symmetric conjugation between their non-wandering sets. Further, this conjugation is extended to a quasi-symmetric circle homeomorphism. Our proof techniques hinge on real-dynamic methods allowing us to construct the conjugation under general and natural assumptions.
We consider groups of orientation-preserving real analytic diffeomorphisms of the circle which have a finite image under the rotation number function. We show that if such a group is nondiscrete with respect to the $C^1$-topology then it has a finite orbit. As a corollary, we show that if such a group has no finite orbit then each of its subgroups contains either a cyclic group of finite index or a nonabelian free subgroup.
Thurston and Calegari-Dunfield showed that the fundamental group of some tautly foliated hyperbolic 3-manifold acts on the circle in a distinctive way that the action preserves some structure of S^1, so-called a circle lamination. Indeed, a large class of Kleinian groups acts on the circle preserving a circle lamination. In this paper, we are concerned with the converse problem that a group acting on the circle with at least two invariant circle laminations is Kleinian. We prove that a subgroup of the orientation preserving circle homeomorphism group is a Fuchsian group whose quotient orbifold…
