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arXiv 2303.04470eess.SP
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用于5G网络定位的天线阵列的现场校准

In-Situ Calibration of Antenna Arrays for Positioning With 5G Networks

Mengguan Pan, Shengheng Liu, Peng Liu, Wangdong Qi, Yongming Huang, Wang Zheng, Qihui Wu, Markus Gardill

摘要:

由于蜂窝通信信号的普遍存在,使用第五代(5G)信号的定位已经成为全球导航卫星系统拒绝地区的一种有前途的解决方案。不幸的是,尽管5G远程无线电单元(RRU)中广泛采用的天线阵列促进了对到达波达方向(DOA)的测量,但是基于DOA的定位性能由于阵列误差而严重降级。本文提出了一种现场校准框架,其中用户终端在实际操作环境中的几个已知位置发送5G参考信号,并且可访问的RRU从这些参考信号估计其阵列误差。此外,由于部署用于室内覆盖的6 GHz以下小小区RRU通常具有小孔径天线阵列,而5G信号具有丰富的带宽资源,因此这项工作基于最大似然准则通过超分辨率延迟估计来分离多径分量。这与现有的在空间域中解决多路径的原位校准工作有很大不同。通过数值仿真验证了该方法的优越性。然后,我们通过商用5G设备的现场测试证明,使用所提出的方法通过原位校准可以实现1- $σ$ DOA估计误差减少46.7%。

英文摘要:

Owing to the ubiquity of cellular communication signals, positioning with the fifth generation (5G) signal has emerged as a promising solution in global navigation satellite system-denied areas. Unfortunately, although the widely employed antenna arrays in 5G remote radio units (RRUs) facilitate the measurement of the direction of arrival (DOA), DOA-based positioning performance is severely degraded by array errors. This paper proposes an in-situ calibration framework with a user terminal transmitting 5G reference signals at several known positions in the actual operating environment and the accessible RRUs estimating their array errors from these reference signals. Further, since sub-6GHz small-cell RRUs deployed for indoor coverage generally have small-aperture antenna arrays, while 5G signals have plentiful bandwidth resources, this work segregates the multipath components via super-resolution delay estimation based on the maximum likelihood criteria. This differs significantly from existing in-situ calibration works which resolve multipaths in the spatial domain. The superiority of the proposed method is first verified by numerical simulations. We then demonstrate via field test with commercial 5G equipment that, a reduction of 46.7% for 1-$σ$ DOA estimation error can be achieved by in-situ calibration using the proposed method.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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