球面波阵面EM处理无线电定位
Radio Positioning with EM Processing of the Spherical Wavefront
摘要：
下一个5G及以后的应用对采用大量天线的阵列系统产生了巨大的兴趣，因此可能用于通信的技术也可以用于定位。特别是，在本文中，我们调查的可能性，推断的全向发射机的位置，通过其EM处理从入射球面波阵面检索的信息。尽管曲率波前的这种后处理在过去主要是在微波和声学频率下使用极大的天线来考虑的，但是探索在下一个5G和更高系统的背景下提供的机会是有意义的。因此，与现有技术不同的是，在这里，我们首先介绍了用于不同EM处理配置的专用通用模型，并且相继地，我们研究了可达到的定位性能与由不同架构提供的复杂性之间的权衡，这可能需要或不需要使用透镜，其可以是可重构的或不可重构的。事实上，我们还分析了干扰的影响，以评估所考虑的系统的鲁棒性的存在下，多个同时发送源。结果，获得不同数量的天线，即，对于不同的阵列孔径，确认使用具有有限尺寸的单个天线阵列实现感兴趣的定位性能的可能性。
英文摘要：
Next 5G and beyond applications have brought a tremendous interest towards array systems employing an extremely large number of antennas, so that the technology that might be in place for communication can be also exploited for positioning. In particular, in this paper we investigate the possibility to infer the position of an omnidirectional transmitter by retrieving the information from the incident spherical wavefront through its EM processing. Despite such a post-processing of the curvature wavefront has been mainly considered in the past at microwave and acoustic frequencies using extremely large antennas, it is of interest to explore the opportunities offered in the context of next 5G and beyond systems. Thus, differently from the state-of-the-art, here we first introduce a dedicated general model for different EM processing configurations, and successively we investigate the trade-off between the attainable positioning performance and the complexity offered by the different architectures, that might entail or not the use of a lens, that can be either reconfigurable or not. Indeed, we analyze also the effect of the interference, in order to evaluate the robustness of the considered system to the presence of multiple simultaneous transmitting sources. Results, obtained for different number of antennas, i.e., for different array apertures, confirm the possibility to achieve interesting positioning performance using a single antenna array with limited dimensions.
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