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arXiv 2302.11902cs.GTcs.CEcs.DS
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关于价格诱导的极小极大匹配

On price-induced minmax matchings

Christoph Dürr, Mathieu Mari, Ulrike Schmidt-Kraepelin

摘要:

本文研究了一个具有相同预算的顺序到达的购买者的自然组合定价问题。每个买家只对一对物品感兴趣,当且仅当到达时,两个物品仍然可用并且物品价格的总和不超过预算时,才购买这对物品。卖方的目标是为物品定价,以便当买方以对抗顺序到达时,交易数量最大化。形式上,我们给出了一个无向图,其中顶点表示物品,边表示买家。一旦价格被设置为顶点,总价格超过买家预算的边将被驱逐。买家的任何到达顺序都会导致一组交易,这些交易在这个子图中形成最大匹配,而对抗性到达顺序会导致最小最大匹配。为了衡量定价策略的性能,我们将这种匹配的大小与原始图中最大匹配的大小进行比较。Correa等人[IPCO 2022]表明,任何定价策略可以保证的最佳比率都在$[1/2, 2/3]$范围内。我们对这个问题的贡献是双重的:首先,我们提供了几个特征的子图,可能会导致定价计划。其次,在此基础上,我们给出了改进的$3/5$的上界和$1/2 + 2/n$的下界,其中$n$是项目的数量。

英文摘要:

We study a natural combinatorial pricing problem for sequentially arriving buyers with equal budgets. Each buyer is interested in exactly one pair of items and purchases this pair if and only if, upon arrival, both items are still available and the sum of the item prices does not exceed the budget. The goal of the seller is to set prices to the items such that the number of transactions is maximized when buyers arrive in adversarial order. Formally, we are given an undirected graph where vertices represent items and edges represent buyers. Once prices are set to the vertices, edges with a total price exceeding the buyers' budgets are evicted. Any arrival order of the buyers leads to a set of transactions that forms a maximal matching in this subgraph, and an adversarial arrival order results in a minimum maximal matching. In order to measure the performance of a pricing strategy, we compare the size of such a matching to the size of a maximum matching in the original graph. It was shown by Correa et al. [IPCO 2022] that the best ratio any pricing strategy can guarantee lies within $[1/2, 2/3]$. Our contribution to the problem is two-fold: First, we provide several characterizations of subgraphs that may result from pricing schemes. Second, building upon these, we show an improved upper bound of $3/5$ and a lower bound of $1/2 + 2/n$, where $n$ is the number of items.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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